修改：pom 打包信息

.gitignore

@@ -50,3 +50,7 @@ integration-repo
 a_little_config_pro.txt
 
 dev_plan.txt
+
+
+
+

LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+Apache License
+Version 2.0, January 2004
+http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+1. Definitions.
+
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+for inclusion in the Work by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and
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+any separate license agreement you may have executed with Licensor regarding
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+
+6. Trademarks.
+
+This License does not grant permission to use the trade names, trademarks,
+service marks, or product names of the Licensor, except as required for
+reasonable and customary use in describing the origin of the Work and
+reproducing the content of the NOTICE file.
+
+7. Disclaimer of Warranty.
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the
+Work (and each Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied,
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+permissions under this License.
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+8. Limitation of Liability.
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+In no event and under no legal theory, whether in tort (including negligence),
+contract, or otherwise, unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate
+and grossly negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
+liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special, incidental,
+or consequential damages of any character arising as a result of this License or
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+damages for loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or
+any and all other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor has
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+9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability.
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+While redistributing the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to
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+incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason of your
+accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
+
+END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work
+
+To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following boilerplate
+notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "{}" replaced with your own
+identifying information. (Don't include the brackets!) The text should be
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+
+   Copyright 2018 JFinal Enjoy
+
+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.
+
+
+

README.md

@@ -1,42 +1,97 @@
-### Enjoy
-
-Enjoy 是基于 Java 语言的极轻量极魔板引擎。极轻量级仅 171K 并且不依赖任何第三方。极简设计仅 if、for、set、define、include、render 六个核心指令，让学习成本低到极致。独创 DKFF(Dynamic Key Feature Forward) 词法分析算法与 DLRD (Double Layer Recursive Descent)语法分析算法，避免使用 javacc、antlr、jflex 生成器，令代码量少到极致。
-
-#### Enjoy 主要特点
-- 消灭传统模板引擎中大量繁杂概念，仅六个核心指令，学习成本极低
-- 独创 DKFF 词法分析算法与 DLRD 语法分析算法，避免使用javacc、antlr
-- 功能强大，极为简单覆盖掉 freemarker、velocity 的核心功能
-- 扩展性强，支持多种扩展方式，且是唯一支持指令级扩展的模板引擎
-- 与 java 打通式设计，在模板中与 java 交互极为方便
-- 贴近 java 使用直觉，为 java 开发者量身打造
-- 回归模板引擎渲染 View 数据的本质，采用指令式设计，避免 view 层表达复杂逻辑
-- 体积小，仅 171K，且不依赖于任何第三方
-
-
-#### 简单示例：
-
-**1. 在 spring 中的配置**
-
-```java
-<bean id="viewResolver" class="com.jfinal.template.ext.spring.JFinalViewResolver">
-	<!-- 是否热加载模板文件 -->
-	<property name="devMode" value="true" />
-	<!-- 配置shared function，多文件用逗号分隔 -->
-	<property name="sharedFunction" value="/view/_layout.html, /view/_paginate.html" />
-	
-	<!-- 是否支持以 #(session.value) 的方式访问 session -->
-	<property name="sessionInView" value="true" />
-	<property name="prefix" value="/view/" />
-	<property name="suffix" value=".html" />
-	<property name="order" value="1" />
-	<property name="contentType" value="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
-</bean>
-```
-
-**2.详细使用方法见 jfinal 手册**
-read me 正在补充，详细使用文档请下载 jfinal.com 官网的 jfinal 手册[http://www.jfinal.com](http://www.jfinal.com)
-
-**JFinal 官方网站：[http://www.jfinal.com](http://www.jfinal.com)**
-
-
-
+### Enjoy
+
+Enjoy 是基于 Java 语言的极轻量极魔板引擎。极轻量级仅 227 KB 并且不依赖任何第三方。极简设计仅 if、for、switch、set、define、include、render 七个核心指令，让学习成本低到极致。独创 DKFF(Dynamic Key Feature Forward) 词法分析算法与 DLRD (Double Layer Recursive Descent)语法分析算法，避免使用 javacc、antlr、jflex 生成器，令代码量少到极致。
+
+#### Maven 坐标
+
+```java
+<dependency>
+    <groupId>com.jfinal</groupId>
+    <artifactId>enjoy</artifactId>
+    <version>4.8</version>
+</dependency>
+```
+
+#### Enjoy 主要特点
+- 消灭传统模板引擎中大量繁杂概念，仅七个核心指令，学习成本极低
+- 独创 DKFF 词法分析算法与 DLRD 语法分析算法，避免使用 javacc、antlr
+- 与 java 打通式设计，在模板中与 java 交互极为方便
+- 贴近 java 使用直觉，为 java 开发者量身打造
+- 功能强大，极为简单覆盖掉 freemarker、velocity 的核心功能
+- 扩展性强，支持多种扩展方式，且是唯一支持指令级扩展的模板引擎
+- 回归模板引擎渲染 View 数据的本质，采用指令式设计，避免 view 层表达复杂逻辑
+- 体积小，仅 227 KB，且不依赖于任何第三方
+
+
+#### 简单示例：
+
+**1. 与 Spring boot 整合**
+```java
+@Configuration
+public class SpringBootConfig {
+
+    @Bean(name = "jfinalViewResolver")
+    public JFinalViewResolver getJFinalViewResolver() {
+
+        // 创建用于整合 spring boot 的 ViewResolver 扩展对象
+        JFinalViewResolver jfr = new JFinalViewResolver();
+
+        // 对 spring boot 进行配置
+        jfr.setSuffix(".html");
+        jfr.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
+        jfr.setOrder(0);
+
+        // 获取 engine 对象，对 enjoy 模板引擎进行配置，配置方式与前面章节完全一样
+        Engine engine  = JFinalViewResolver.engine;
+
+        // 热加载配置能对后续配置产生影响，需要放在最前面
+        engine.setDevMode(true);
+
+        // 使用 ClassPathSourceFactory 从 class path 与 jar 包中加载模板文件
+        engine.setToClassPathSourceFactory();
+
+        // 在使用 ClassPathSourceFactory 时要使用 setBaseTemplatePath
+        // 代替 jfr.setPrefix("/view/")
+        engine.setBaseTemplatePath("/view/");
+
+        // 添加模板函数
+        engine.addSharedFunction("/common/_layout.html");
+        engine.addSharedFunction("/common/_paginate.html");
+
+        // 更多配置与前面章节完全一样
+        // engine.addDirective(...)
+        // engine.addSharedMethod(...);
+
+        return jfr;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**2. 与 Spring  MVC 整合**
+
+```java
+<bean id="viewResolver" class="com.jfinal.template.ext.spring.JFinalViewResolver">
+	<!-- 是否热加载模板文件 -->
+	<property name="devMode" value="true" />
+	<!-- 配置shared function，多文件用逗号分隔 -->
+	<property name="sharedFunction" value="/view/_layout.html, /view/_paginate.html" />
+	
+	<!-- 是否支持以 #(session.value) 的方式访问 session -->
+	<property name="sessionInView" value="true" />
+	<property name="prefix" value="/view/" />
+	<property name="suffix" value=".html" />
+	<property name="order" value="1" />
+	<property name="contentType" value="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+</bean>
+```
+
+**3.详细使用方法见官方文档**
+
+read me 正在补充，详细使用文档见官网：[https://www.jfinal.com/doc/6-1](https://www.jfinal.com/doc/6-1)
+
+**JFinal Enjoy 官方文档：[https://www.jfinal.com/doc/6-1](https://www.jfinal.com/doc/6-1)**
+
+
+
+
+

pom.xml

@@ -1,130 +1,147 @@
-<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
-	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
-	<groupId>com.jfinal</groupId>
-	<artifactId>enjoy</artifactId>
-	<packaging>jar</packaging>
-	<name>enjoy</name>
-	<version>3.2</version>
-	<url>http://www.jfinal.com</url>
-	<description>Enjoy is a simple, light, rapid, independent, extensible Java Template Engine.</description>
-	
-	<properties>
-		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
-		<maven.compiler.encoding>UTF-8</maven.compiler.encoding>
-	</properties>
-	
-	<issueManagement>
-		<system>Git Issue</system>
-		<url>http://git.oschina.net/jfinal/enjoy/issues</url>
-	</issueManagement>
-	<licenses>
-		<license>
-			<name>The Apache Software License, Version 2.0</name>
-			<url>http://apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>
-		</license>
-	</licenses>
-	<developers>
-		<developer>
-			<id>jfinal</id>
-			<name>James</name>
-			<email>jfinal@126.com</email>
-			<url>http://jfinal.com/user/1</url>
-		</developer>
-	</developers>
-	<scm>
-		<connection>scm:git:git@git.oschina.net:jfinal/enjoy.git</connection>
-		<developerConnection>scm:git:git@git.oschina.net:jfinal/enjoy.git</developerConnection>
-		<url>git@git.oschina.net:jfinal/enjoy.git</url>
-	</scm>
-	
-	<parent>
-		<groupId>org.sonatype.oss</groupId>
-		<artifactId>oss-parent</artifactId>
-		<version>7</version>
-	</parent>
-
-	<repositories>
-	</repositories>
-	<dependencies>
-		<dependency>
-			<groupId>junit</groupId>
-			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
-			<version>4.8.2</version>
-			<scope>test</scope>
-		</dependency>
-		<dependency>
-			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
-			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
-			<version>3.1.0</version>
-			<scope>provided</scope>
-		</dependency>
-		<dependency>
-			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
-			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
-			<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
-			<scope>provided</scope>
-		</dependency>
-	</dependencies>
-	
-	<build>
-		<plugins>
-			<plugin>
-				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
-				<version>3.6.1</version>
-				<configuration>
-					<source>1.6</source>
-					<target>1.6</target>
-				</configuration>
-			</plugin>
-			
-			<plugin>
-				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-				<artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
-				<version>2.10.3</version>
-				<configuration>
-					<!-- 解决 java8  发布到 maven 异常 -->
-					<additionalparam>-Xdoclint:none</additionalparam>
-					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
-					<outputDirectory>${basedir}</outputDirectory>
-					<reportOutputDirectory>${basedir}</reportOutputDirectory>
-				</configuration>
-			</plugin>
-
-<!-- 安装源码到本地仓库 -->
-<plugin>
-	<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-	<artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
-	<version>2.1.2</version>
-	<executions>
-		<execution>
-			<id>attach-sources</id>
-			<phase>verify</phase>
-			<goals>
-				<goal>jar-no-fork</goal>
-			</goals>
-		</execution>
-	</executions>
-</plugin>
-
-			<plugin>
-				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-				<artifactId>maven-gpg-plugin</artifactId>
-				<version>1.1</version>
-				<executions>
-				  <execution>
-					<id>sign-artifacts</id>
-					<phase>verify</phase>
-					<goals>
-					  <goal>sign</goal>
-					</goals>
-				  </execution>
-				</executions>
-				<configuration>
-					<skip>false</skip>
-				</configuration>
-			</plugin>
-
-		</plugins>
-	</build>
-</project>
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
+	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+	
+	<groupId>com.jfinal</groupId>
+	<artifactId>enjoy</artifactId>
+	<version>4.8.dev</version>
+	<packaging>jar</packaging>
+	
+	
+	<name>enjoy</name>
+	<description>Enjoy is a simple, light, rapid, independent, extensible Java Template Engine.</description>
+	<url>http://www.jfinal.com</url>
+	
+	<properties>
+		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
+		<maven.compiler.encoding>UTF-8</maven.compiler.encoding>
+	</properties>
+	
+	<issueManagement>
+		<system>Git Issue</system>
+		<url>https://gitee.com/jfinal/enjoy/issues</url>
+	</issueManagement>
+	
+	<licenses>
+		<license>
+			<name>The Apache Software License, Version 2.0</name>
+			<url>http://apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>
+		</license>
+	</licenses>
+	
+	<!--<developers>
+		<developer>
+			<id>jfinal</id>
+			<name>James</name>
+			<email>jfinal@126.com</email>
+			<url>http://jfinal.com/user/1</url>
+		</developer>
+	</developers>
+	
+	<scm>
+		<connection>scm:git:git@gitee.com:jfinal/enjoy.git</connection>
+		<developerConnection>scm:git:git@gitee.com:jfinal/enjoy.git</developerConnection>
+		<url>git@gitee.com:jfinal/enjoy.git</url>
+	</scm>-->
+
+	<distributionManagement>
+		<repository>
+			<id>mvn-release</id>
+			<name>mvn-release</name>
+			<url>https://nexus.1216.top/repository/maven-releases/</url>
+		</repository>
+	</distributionManagement>
+
+	<repositories>
+	</repositories>
+	
+	<dependencies>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>junit</groupId>
+			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
+			<version>4.13.1</version>
+			<scope>test</scope>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
+			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
+			<version>3.1.0</version>
+			<scope>provided</scope>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
+			<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
+			<scope>provided</scope>
+		</dependency>
+	</dependencies>
+	
+	<build>
+      	<defaultGoal>compile</defaultGoal>
+		<plugins>
+			<plugin>
+				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+				<version>3.6.1</version>
+				<configuration>
+					<source>1.8</source>
+					<target>1.8</target>
+					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
+				</configuration>
+			</plugin>
+			
+			<plugin>
+				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+				<artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
+				<version>2.10.4</version>
+				<configuration>
+					<!-- 解决 java8  发布到 maven 异常 -->
+					<additionalparam>-Xdoclint:none</additionalparam>
+					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
+				</configuration>
+				<executions>
+					<execution>
+						<id>attach-javadocs</id>
+						<goals>
+							<goal>jar</goal>
+						</goals>
+					</execution>
+				</executions>
+			</plugin>
+
+			<!-- 安装源码到本地仓库 -->
+			<plugin>
+				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+				<artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
+				<version>2.1.2</version>
+				<executions>
+					<execution>
+						<id>attach-sources</id>
+						<phase>verify</phase>
+						<goals>
+							<goal>jar-no-fork</goal>
+						</goals>
+					</execution>
+				</executions>
+			</plugin>
+
+			<!--<plugin>
+				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+				<artifactId>maven-gpg-plugin</artifactId>
+				<version>1.6</version>
+				<executions>
+					<execution>
+						<id>sign-artifacts</id>
+						<phase>verify</phase>
+						<goals>
+							<goal>sign</goal>
+						</goals>
+					</execution>
+				</executions>
+			</plugin>-->
+
+		</plugins>
+	</build>
+</project>
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/kit/ElKit.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.kit;
 
-import java.io.Writer;
 import java.util.Map;
 import com.jfinal.template.Directive;
 import com.jfinal.template.Engine;
 import com.jfinal.template.Env;
 import com.jfinal.template.Template;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.Writer;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
 
 /**
@@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ public class ElKit {
 	private static final String RETURN_VALUE_KEY = "_RETURN_VALUE_";
 	
 	static {
-		engine.addDirective("eval", new InnerEvalDirective());
+		engine.addDirective("eval", InnerEvalDirective.class);
 	}
 	
-	public Engine getEngine() {
+	public static Engine getEngine() {
 		return engine;
 	}
 	
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public class ElKit {
 	public static <T> T eval(String expr, Map<?, ?> data) {
 		String stringTemplate = "#eval(" + expr + ")";
 		Template template = engine.getTemplateByString(stringTemplate);
-		template.render(data, null);
+		template.render(data, (java.io.Writer)null);
 		return (T)data.get(RETURN_VALUE_KEY);
 	}
 	

src/main/java/com/jfinal/kit/HashKit.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,10 +20,22 @@ import java.security.MessageDigest;
 
 public class HashKit {
 	
+	public static final long FNV_OFFSET_BASIS_64 = 0xcbf29ce484222325L;
+	public static final long FNV_PRIME_64 = 0x100000001b3L;
+	
 	private static final java.security.SecureRandom random = new java.security.SecureRandom();
 	private static final char[] HEX_DIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();
 	private static final char[] CHAR_ARRAY = "_-0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ".toCharArray();
 	
+	public static long fnv1a64(String key) {
+		long hash = FNV_OFFSET_BASIS_64;
+		for(int i=0, size=key.length(); i<size; i++) {
+			hash ^= key.charAt(i);
+			hash *= FNV_PRIME_64;
+		}
+		return hash;
+	}
+	
 	public static String md5(String srcStr){
 		return hash("MD5", srcStr);
 	}

src/main/java/com/jfinal/kit/JavaKeyword.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

src/main/java/com/jfinal/kit/Kv.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -30,11 +30,6 @@ import java.util.Map;
 @SuppressWarnings({"serial", "rawtypes", "unchecked"})
 public class Kv extends HashMap {
 	
-	@Deprecated
-	private static final String STATE_OK = "isOk";
-	@Deprecated
-	private static final String STATE_FAIL = "isFail";
-	
 	public Kv() {
 	}
 	
@@ -46,73 +41,25 @@ public class Kv extends HashMap {
 		return new Kv();
 	}
 	
-	@Deprecated
-	public static Kv ok() {
-		return new Kv().setOk();
-	}
-	
-	@Deprecated
-	public static Kv ok(Object key, Object value) {
-		return ok().set(key, value);
-	}
-	
-	@Deprecated
-	public static Kv fail() {
-		return new Kv().setFail();
-	}
-	
-	@Deprecated
-	public static Kv fail(Object key, Object value) {
-		return fail().set(key, value);
-	}
-	
-	@Deprecated
-	public Kv setOk() {
-		super.put(STATE_OK, Boolean.TRUE);
-		super.put(STATE_FAIL, Boolean.FALSE);
-		return this;
-	}
-	
-	@Deprecated
-	public Kv setFail() {
-		super.put(STATE_FAIL, Boolean.TRUE);
-		super.put(STATE_OK, Boolean.FALSE);
-		return this;
-	}
-	
-	@Deprecated
-	public boolean isOk() {
-		Boolean isOk = (Boolean)get(STATE_OK);
-		if (isOk != null) {
-			return isOk;
-		}
-		Boolean isFail = (Boolean)get(STATE_FAIL);
-		if (isFail != null) {
-			return !isFail;
-		}
-		
-		throw new IllegalStateException("调用 isOk() 之前，必须先调用 ok()、fail() 或者 setOk()、setFail() 方法");
-	}
-	
-	@Deprecated
-	public boolean isFail() {
-		Boolean isFail = (Boolean)get(STATE_FAIL);
-		if (isFail != null) {
-			return isFail;
-		}
-		Boolean isOk = (Boolean)get(STATE_OK);
-		if (isOk != null) {
-			return !isOk;
-		}
-		
-		throw new IllegalStateException("调用 isFail() 之前，必须先调用 ok()、fail() 或者 setOk()、setFail() 方法");
-	}
-	
 	public Kv set(Object key, Object value) {
 		super.put(key, value);
 		return this;
 	}
 	
+	public Kv setIfNotBlank(Object key, String value) {
+		if (StrKit.notBlank(value)) {
+			set(key, value);
+		}
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	public Kv setIfNotNull(Object key, Object value) {
+		if (value != null) {
+			set(key, value);
+		}
+		return this;
+	}
+	
 	public Kv set(Map map) {
 		super.putAll(map);
 		return this;

src/main/java/com/jfinal/kit/ReflectKit.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.kit;
 
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Parameter;
+
 /**
  * 反射工具类
  */
@@ -24,11 +27,50 @@ public class ReflectKit {
 	public static Object newInstance(Class<?> clazz) {
 		try {
 			return clazz.newInstance();
-		} catch (Exception e) {
+		} catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
 			throw new RuntimeException(e);
 		}
 	}
 	
+	public static String getMethodSignature(Method method) {
+		StringBuilder ret = new StringBuilder()
+				.append(method.getDeclaringClass().getName())
+				.append(".")
+				.append(method.getName())
+				.append("(");
+		
+		int index = 0;
+		Parameter[] paras = method.getParameters();
+		for (Parameter p : paras) {
+			if (index++ > 0) {
+				ret.append(", ");
+			}
+			ret.append(p.getParameterizedType().getTypeName());
+		}
+		
+		return ret.append(")").toString();
+	}
+	
+	/*
+	public static String getMethodSignature(Method method) {
+		StringBuilder ret = new StringBuilder()
+				.append(method.getDeclaringClass().getName())
+				.append(".")
+				.append(method.getName())
+				.append("(");
+		
+		int index = 0;
+		java.lang.reflect.Type[] paraTypes = method.getGenericParameterTypes();
+		for (java.lang.reflect.Type type : paraTypes) {
+			if (index++ > 0) {
+				ret.append(", ");
+			}
+			ret.append(type.getTypeName());
+		}
+		
+		return ret.append(")").toString();
+	}*/
+	
 }
 
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/kit/StrKit.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -102,6 +102,10 @@ public class StrKit {
 		return true;
 	}
 	
+	public static String defaultIfBlank(String str, String defaultValue) {
+		return isBlank(str) ? defaultValue : str;
+	}
+	
 	public static String toCamelCase(String stringWithUnderline) {
 		if (stringWithUnderline.indexOf('_') == -1) {
 			return stringWithUnderline;
@@ -145,6 +149,17 @@ public class StrKit {
 		return sb.toString();
 	}
 	
+	public static String join(java.util.List<String> list, String separator) {
+		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+		for (int i=0, len=list.size(); i<len; i++) {
+			if (i > 0) {
+				sb.append(separator);
+			}
+			sb.append(list.get(i));
+		}
+		return sb.toString();
+	}
+	
 	public static boolean slowEquals(String a, String b) {
 		byte[] aBytes = (a != null ? a.getBytes() : null);
 		byte[] bBytes = (b != null ? b.getBytes() : null);

src/main/java/com/jfinal/kit/SyncWriteMap.java

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.kit;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * SyncWriteMap 同步写 HashMap
+ * 创建原因是 HashMap扩容时，遇到并发修改可能造成 100% CPU 占用
+ * 
+ * SyncWriteMap 拥有 HashMap 的性能，但不保障并发访问的线程安全
+ * 只用于读多写少且不用保障线程安全的场景
+ * 
+ * 例如 MethodKit 中用于缓存 MethodInfo 的 cache，被写入的数据
+ * 不用保障是单例，读取之后会做 null 值判断
+ * 
+ * ActionMapping 中的 HashMap 是系统启动时在独立线程内初始化的，
+ * 不存在并发写，只存在并发读的情况，所以仍然可以使用 HashMap
+ */
+public class SyncWriteMap<K, V> extends HashMap<K, V> {
+	
+	private static final long serialVersionUID = -7287230891751869148L;
+	
+	public SyncWriteMap() {
+	}
+	
+	public SyncWriteMap(int initialCapacity) {
+		super(initialCapacity);
+	}
+	
+	public SyncWriteMap(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) {
+		super(initialCapacity, loadFactor);
+	}
+	
+	public SyncWriteMap(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m) {
+		super(m);
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public V put(K key, V value) {
+		synchronized (this) {
+			return super.put(key, value);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public V putIfAbsent(K key, V value) {
+		synchronized (this) {
+			return super.putIfAbsent(key, value);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public void putAll(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m) {
+		synchronized (this) {
+			super.putAll(m);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public V remove(Object key) {
+		synchronized (this) {
+			return super.remove(key);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public void clear() {
+		synchronized (this) {
+			super.clear();
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/kit/TplKit.java

@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * <p>
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * <p>
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * <p>
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.kit;
+
+
+import com.jfinal.kit.tpl.NameSpaceDirective;
+import com.jfinal.kit.tpl.ParaDirective;
+import com.jfinal.kit.tpl.TplDirective;
+import com.jfinal.kit.tpl.TplSource;
+import com.jfinal.template.Engine;
+import com.jfinal.template.Template;
+import com.jfinal.template.source.FileSource;
+import com.jfinal.template.source.ISource;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.Location;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParseException;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileFilter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+/**
+ * SqlKit
+ */
+@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
+public class TplKit {
+    public static String baseSqlTemplatePath;
+    public static final String SQL_TEMPLATE_MAP_KEY = "_SQL_TEMPLATE_MAP_";
+    public static final String SQL_PARA_KEY = "_SQL_PARA_";
+    public static final String PARA_ARRAY_KEY = "_PARA_ARRAY_"; // 此参数保持不动，已被用于模板取值 _PARA_ARRAY_[n]
+
+    private String configName;
+    private boolean devMode;
+    private Engine engine;
+    private List<TplSource> tplSourceList = new ArrayList<TplSource>();
+    private Map<String, Template> sqlTemplateMap;
+
+    private static Map<String, TplKit> kitMap = new HashMap<>();
+
+    public static TplKit use(String configName) {
+        return use(configName, false);
+    }
+
+    public static synchronized TplKit use(String configName, boolean devMode) {
+        TplKit tplKit = kitMap.get(configName);
+        if (tplKit == null) {
+            tplKit = new TplKit(configName, devMode);
+            kitMap.put(configName, tplKit);
+        }
+        return tplKit;
+    }
+
+    private TplKit(String configName, boolean devMode) {
+        this.configName = configName;
+        this.devMode = devMode;
+
+        engine = new Engine(configName);
+        engine.setDevMode(devMode);
+        engine.setToClassPathSourceFactory();
+
+        engine.addDirective("namespace", NameSpaceDirective.class);
+        engine.addDirective("tpl", TplDirective.class);
+
+        engine.addDirective("para", ParaDirective.class, true);
+        engine.addDirective("p", ParaDirective.class, true);        // 配置 #para 指令的别名指令 #p，不建议使用，在此仅为兼容 3.0 版本
+    }
+
+    private TplKit(String configName) {
+        this(configName, false);
+    }
+
+    public Engine getEngine() {
+        return engine;
+    }
+
+    public void setDevMode(boolean devMode) {
+        this.devMode = devMode;
+        engine.setDevMode(devMode);
+    }
+
+    public void setBaseTplTemplatePath(String baseSqlTemplatePath) {
+        this.baseSqlTemplatePath = baseSqlTemplatePath;
+    }
+
+    public void addTplTemplate(String sqlTemplate) {
+        if (StrKit.isBlank(sqlTemplate)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("tplTemplate can not be blank");
+        }
+        if (baseSqlTemplatePath != null) {
+            addTplTemplate(new FileSource(baseSqlTemplatePath, "tpl.sql"));
+        } else {
+            tplSourceList.add(new TplSource(sqlTemplate));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void addTplTemplate(ISource sqlTemplate) {
+        if (sqlTemplate == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("sqlTemplate can not be null");
+        }
+        tplSourceList.add(new TplSource(sqlTemplate));
+    }
+
+    public void addTplTemplate(File file) {
+        addTplTemplate(file, null);
+    }
+
+    public void addTplTemplate(File file, FileFilter filter) {
+        if (file.isFile()) {
+            if (filter != null && !filter.accept(file)) {
+                return;
+            }
+            addTplTemplate(new FileSource(file.getParent(), file.getName()));
+        } else if (file.isDirectory()) {
+            File[] files = file.listFiles();
+            for (File file1 : files) {
+                addTplTemplate(file1, filter);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void parseTplTemplate() {
+        Map<String, Template> sqlTemplateMap = new HashMap<String, Template>(512, 0.5F);
+        for (TplSource ss : tplSourceList) {
+            String fileName = ss.isFile() ? ss.file : ((FileSource) ss.source).getFinalFileName();
+            try {
+                Template template = ss.isFile() ? engine.getTemplate(ss.file) : engine.getTemplate(ss.source);
+                Map<Object, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
+                data.put(SQL_TEMPLATE_MAP_KEY, sqlTemplateMap);
+                template.renderToString(data);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(String.format("%s parse error", fileName), e);
+            }
+        }
+        this.sqlTemplateMap = sqlTemplateMap;
+    }
+
+    private void reloadModifiedTplTemplate() {
+        engine.removeAllTemplateCache();    // 去除 Engine 中的缓存，以免 get 出来后重新判断 isModified
+        parseTplTemplate();
+    }
+
+    private boolean isTplTemplateModified() {
+        for (Template template : sqlTemplateMap.values()) {
+            if (template.isModified()) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private Template getTplTemplate(String key) {
+        Template template = sqlTemplateMap.get(key);
+        if (template == null) {    // 此 if 分支，处理起初没有定义，但后续不断追加 sql 的情况
+            if (!devMode) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            if (isTplTemplateModified()) {
+                synchronized (this) {
+                    if (isTplTemplateModified()) {
+                        reloadModifiedTplTemplate();
+                        template = sqlTemplateMap.get(key);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            return template;
+        }
+
+        if (devMode && template.isModified()) {
+            synchronized (this) {
+                template = sqlTemplateMap.get(key);
+                if (template.isModified()) {
+                    reloadModifiedTplTemplate();
+                    template = sqlTemplateMap.get(key);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return template;
+    }
+
+    public String getTpl(String key) {
+        Template template = getTplTemplate(key);
+        return template != null ? template.renderToString(null).replaceAll("[\\s]+", " ") : null;
+    }
+
+    public String getTpl(String key, Map para) {
+        Template template = getTplTemplate(key);
+        return template != null ? template.renderToString(para).replaceAll("[\\s]+", " ") : null;
+    }
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return "SqlKit for config : " + configName;
+    }
+
+}
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/kit/tpl/NameSpaceDirective.java

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.kit.tpl;
+
+import com.jfinal.template.Directive;
+import com.jfinal.template.Env;
+import com.jfinal.template.TemplateException;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Const;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Expr;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.ExprList;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.Writer;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParseException;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
+
+/**
+ * NameSpaceDirective
+ */
+public class NameSpaceDirective extends Directive {
+	
+	static final String NAME_SPACE_KEY = "_NAME_SPACE_";
+	
+	private String nameSpace;
+	
+	public void setExprList(ExprList exprList) {
+		if (exprList.length() == 0) {
+			throw new ParseException("The parameter of #namespace directive can not be blank", location);
+		}
+		if (exprList.length() > 1) {
+			throw new ParseException("Only one parameter allowed for #namespace directive", location);
+		}
+		Expr expr = exprList.getExpr(0);
+		if (expr instanceof Const && ((Const)expr).isStr()) {
+		} else {
+			throw new ParseException("The parameter of #namespace directive must be String", location);
+		}
+		
+		this.nameSpace = ((Const)expr).getStr();
+	}
+	
+	public void exec(Env env, Scope scope, Writer writer) {
+		if (scope.get(NAME_SPACE_KEY) != null) {
+			throw new TemplateException("#namespace directive can not be nested", location);
+		}
+		scope.set(NAME_SPACE_KEY, nameSpace);
+		try {
+			stat.exec(env, scope, writer);
+		} finally {
+			scope.remove(NAME_SPACE_KEY);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public boolean hasEnd() {
+		return true;
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/kit/tpl/ParaDirective.java

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.kit.tpl;
+
+import com.jfinal.kit.TplKit;
+import com.jfinal.template.Directive;
+import com.jfinal.template.Env;
+import com.jfinal.template.TemplateException;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Const;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Expr;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.ExprList;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Id;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.Writer;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParseException;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
+
+/**
+ * #para 指令用于在 sql 模板中根据参数名生成问号占位以及查询参数
+ * 
+ * <pre>
+ * 一、参数为表达式的用法
+ * 1：模板内容
+ *   #sql("find")
+ *     select * from user where nickName = #para(nickName) and age > #para(age)
+ *   #end
+ *   
+ * 2： java 代码
+ *   SqlPara sp = getSqlPara("find", Kv.by("nickName", "prettyGirl").set("age", 18));
+ *   user.find(sp)
+ *   或者：
+ *   user.find(sp.getSql(), sp.getPara());
+ * 
+ * 3：以上用法会在 #para(expr) 处生成问号占位字符，并且实际的参数放入 SqlPara 对象的参数列表中
+ *   后续可以通过 sqlPara.getPara() 获取到参数并直接用于查询
+ * 
+ * 
+ * 二、参数为 int 型数字的用法
+ * 1：模板内容
+ *   #sql("find")
+ *     select * from user where id > #para(0) and id < #para(1)
+ *   #end
+ *   
+ * 2： java 代码
+ *   SqlPara sp = getSqlPara("find", 10, 100);
+ *   user.find(sp)
+ * 
+ * 3：以上用法会在 #para(0) 与 #para(1) 处生成问号占位字符，并且将 10、100 这两个参数放入
+ *    SqlPara 对象的参数列表中，后续可以通过 sqlPara.getPara() 获取到参数并直接用于查询
+ * </pre>
+ */
+public class ParaDirective extends Directive {
+	
+	private int index = -1;
+	private String paraName = null;
+	private static boolean checkParaAssigned = true;
+	
+	public static void setCheckParaAssigned(boolean checkParaAssigned) {
+		ParaDirective.checkParaAssigned = checkParaAssigned;
+	}
+	
+	public void setExprList(ExprList exprList) {
+		if (exprList.length() == 0) {
+			throw new ParseException("The parameter of #para directive can not be blank", location);
+		}
+		
+		if (exprList.length() == 1) {
+			Expr expr = exprList.getExpr(0);
+			if (expr instanceof Const && ((Const)expr).isInt()) {
+				index = ((Const)expr).getInt();
+				if (index < 0) {
+					throw new ParseException("The index of para array must greater than -1", location);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		
+		if (checkParaAssigned && exprList.getLastExpr() instanceof Id) {
+			Id id = (Id)exprList.getLastExpr();
+			paraName = id.getId();
+		}
+		
+		this.exprList = exprList;
+	}
+	
+	public void exec(Env env, Scope scope, Writer writer) {
+		TplPara tplPara = (TplPara)scope.get(TplKit.SQL_PARA_KEY);
+		if (tplPara == null) {
+			throw new TemplateException("#para directive invoked by getSqlPara(...) method only", location);
+		}
+		
+		write(writer, "?");
+		if (index == -1) {
+			// #para(paraName) 中的 paraName 没有赋值时抛出异常
+			// issue: http://www.jfinal.com/feedback/1832
+			if (checkParaAssigned && paraName != null && !scope.exists(paraName)) {
+				throw new TemplateException("The parameter \""+ paraName +"\" must be assigned", location);
+			}
+			
+			tplPara.addPara(exprList.eval(scope));
+		} else {
+			Object[] paras = (Object[])scope.get(TplKit.PARA_ARRAY_KEY);
+			if (paras == null) {
+				throw new TemplateException("The #para(" + index + ") directive must invoked by getSqlPara(String, Object...) method", location);
+			}
+			if (index >= paras.length) {
+				throw new TemplateException("The index of #para directive is out of bounds: " + index, location);
+			}
+			tplPara.addPara(paras[index]);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/kit/tpl/TplDirective.java

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.kit.tpl;
+
+import com.jfinal.kit.StrKit;
+import com.jfinal.kit.TplKit;
+import com.jfinal.template.Directive;
+import com.jfinal.template.Env;
+import com.jfinal.template.Template;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Const;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Expr;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.ExprList;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.Writer;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParseException;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * SqlDirective
+ */
+public class TplDirective extends Directive {
+	
+	private String id;
+	
+	public void setExprList(ExprList exprList) {
+		if (exprList.length() == 0) {
+			throw new ParseException("The parameter of #sql directive can not be blank", location);
+		}
+		if (exprList.length() > 1) {
+			throw new ParseException("Only one parameter allowed for #sql directive", location);
+		}
+		Expr expr = exprList.getExpr(0);
+		if (expr instanceof Const && ((Const)expr).isStr()) {
+		} else {
+			throw new ParseException("The parameter of #sql directive must be String", location);
+		}
+		
+		this.id = ((Const)expr).getStr();
+	}
+	
+	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+	public void exec(Env env, Scope scope, Writer writer) {
+		String nameSpace = (String)scope.get(NameSpaceDirective.NAME_SPACE_KEY);
+		String key = StrKit.isBlank(nameSpace) ? id : nameSpace + "." + id;
+		Map<String, Template> sqlTemplateMap = (Map<String, Template>)scope.get(TplKit.SQL_TEMPLATE_MAP_KEY);
+		if (sqlTemplateMap.containsKey(key)) {
+			throw new ParseException("Sql already exists with key : " + key, location);
+		}
+		
+		sqlTemplateMap.put(key, new Template(env, stat));
+	}
+	
+	public boolean hasEnd() {
+		return true;
+	}
+}
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/kit/tpl/TplPara.java

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.kit.tpl;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * SqlPara
+ * 封装查询使用的 sql 与参数，主要用于 getSqlPara(...) 返回值
+ */
+public class TplPara implements Serializable {
+	
+	private static final long serialVersionUID = -8586448059592782381L;
+	
+	String sql;
+	List<Object> paraList;
+	
+	public TplPara setSql(String sql) {
+		this.sql = sql;
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	public TplPara addPara(Object para) {
+		if (paraList == null) {
+			paraList = new ArrayList<Object>();
+		}
+		paraList.add(para);
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	public String getSql() {
+		return sql;
+	}
+	
+	public Object[] getPara() {
+		/*if (paraList == null || paraList.size() == 0) {
+			return DbKit.NULL_PARA_ARRAY;
+		} else {
+			return paraList.toArray(new Object[paraList.size()]);
+		}*/
+		return null;
+	}
+	
+	public TplPara clear() {
+		sql = null;
+		if (paraList != null) {
+			paraList.clear();
+		}
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	public String toString() {
+		return "Sql: " + sql + "\nPara: " + paraList;
+	}
+}

src/main/java/com/jfinal/kit/tpl/TplSource.java

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package com.jfinal.kit.tpl;
+
+import com.jfinal.template.source.ISource;
+
+/**
+ * 封装 sql 模板源
+ */
+public class TplSource {
+	
+	public String file;
+	public ISource source;
+	
+	public TplSource(String file) {
+		this.file = file;
+		this.source = null;
+	}
+
+	public TplSource(ISource source) {
+		this.file = null;
+		this.source = source;
+	}
+
+	public boolean isFile() {
+		return file != null;
+	}
+}
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/proxy/ProxyClass.java

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.proxy;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * ProxyClass
+ */
+public class ProxyClass {
+	
+	// 被代理的目标
+	private Class<?> target;
+	
+	/**
+	 * 以下是代理类信息
+	 */
+	private String pkg;						// 包名
+	private String name;						// 类名
+	private String sourceCode;				// 源代码
+	private Map<String, byte[]> byteCode;	// 字节码
+	private Class<?> clazz;					// 字节码被 loadClass 后的 Class
+	// private List<ProxyMethod> proxyMethodList = new ArrayList<>();
+	
+	public ProxyClass(Class<?> target) {
+		this.target = target;
+		this.pkg = target.getPackage().getName();
+		this.name = target.getSimpleName() + "$$EnhancerByJFinal";
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 是否需要代理
+	 */
+//	public boolean needProxy() {
+//		return proxyMethodList.size() > 0;
+//	}
+	
+	public Class<?> getTarget() {
+		return target;
+	}
+	
+	public String getPkg() {
+		return pkg;
+	}
+	
+	public String getName() {
+		return name;
+	}
+	
+	public String getSourceCode() {
+		return sourceCode;
+	}
+	
+	public void setSourceCode(String sourceCode) {
+		this.sourceCode = sourceCode;
+	}
+	
+	public Map<String, byte[]> getByteCode() {
+		return byteCode;
+	}
+	
+	public void setByteCode(Map<String, byte[]> byteCode) {
+		this.byteCode = byteCode;
+	}
+	
+	public Class<?> getClazz() {
+		return clazz;
+	}
+	
+	public void setClazz(Class<?> clazz) {
+		this.clazz = clazz;
+	}
+	
+//	public void addProxyMethod(ProxyMethod proxyMethod) {
+//		proxyMethodList.add(proxyMethod);
+//	}
+	
+//	public List<ProxyMethod> getProxyMethodList() {
+//		return proxyMethodList;
+//	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/proxy/ProxyClassLoader.java

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.proxy;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Map.Entry;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+/**
+ * ProxyClassLoader
+ */
+public class ProxyClassLoader extends ClassLoader {
+	
+	protected Map<String, byte[]> byteCodeMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+	
+	static {
+		registerAsParallelCapable();
+	}
+	
+	public ProxyClassLoader() {
+		super(getParentClassLoader());
+	}
+	
+	protected static ClassLoader getParentClassLoader() {
+		ClassLoader ret = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
+		return ret != null ? ret : ProxyClassLoader.class.getClassLoader();
+	}
+	
+	public Class<?> loadProxyClass(ProxyClass proxyClass) {
+		for (Entry<String, byte[]> e : proxyClass.getByteCode().entrySet()) {
+			byteCodeMap.putIfAbsent(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
+		}
+		
+		try {
+			return loadClass(proxyClass.getPkg() + "." + proxyClass.getName());
+		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+			throw new RuntimeException(e);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	protected Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
+		byte[] bytes = byteCodeMap.get(name);
+		if (bytes != null) {
+			Class<?> ret = defineClass(name, bytes, 0, bytes.length);
+			byteCodeMap.remove(name);
+			return ret;
+		}
+		
+		return super.findClass(name);
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/proxy/ProxyCompiler.java

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.proxy;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.URLClassLoader;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Map.Entry;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import javax.tools.DiagnosticCollector;
+import javax.tools.FileObject;
+import javax.tools.ForwardingJavaFileManager;
+import javax.tools.JavaCompiler;
+import javax.tools.JavaFileManager;
+import javax.tools.JavaFileObject;
+import javax.tools.SimpleJavaFileObject;
+import javax.tools.ToolProvider;
+// import com.jfinal.log.Log;
+
+/**
+ * ProxyCompiler
+ * 
+ * https://www.programcreek.com/java-api-examples/?api=javax.tools.JavaCompiler
+ */
+public class ProxyCompiler {
+	
+	// protected static final Log log = Log.getLog(ProxyCompiler.class);
+	
+	// protected List<String> options = Arrays.asList("-target", "1.8" /*, "-parameters"*/);
+	protected volatile List<String> options = null;
+	
+	protected List<String> getOptions() {
+		if (options != null) {
+			return options;
+		}
+		
+		synchronized (this) {
+			if (options != null) {
+				return options;
+			}
+			
+			List<String> ret = new ArrayList<>();
+			ret.add("-target");
+			ret.add("1.8");
+			
+			String cp = getClassPath();
+			if (cp != null && cp.trim().length() != 0) {
+				ret.add("-classpath");
+				ret.add(cp);
+			}
+			
+			options = ret;
+			return options;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 兼容 tomcat 丢失 class path，否则无法编译
+	 */
+	protected String getClassPath() {
+		URLClassLoader classLoader = getURLClassLoader();
+		if (classLoader == null) {
+			return null;
+		}
+		
+		int index = 0;
+		boolean isWindows = isWindows();
+		StringBuilder ret = new StringBuilder();
+		for (URL url : classLoader.getURLs()) {
+			if (index++ > 0) {
+				ret.append(File.pathSeparator);
+			}
+			
+			String path = url.getFile();
+			
+			// 如果是 windows 系统，去除前缀字符 '/'
+			if (isWindows && path.startsWith("/")) {
+				path = path.substring(1);
+			}
+			
+			// 去除后缀字符 '/'
+			if (path.length() > 1 && (path.endsWith("/") || path.endsWith(File.separator))) {
+				path = path.substring(0, path.length() - 1);
+			}
+			
+			ret.append(path);
+		}
+		
+		return ret.toString();
+	}
+	
+	protected boolean isWindows() {
+		String osName = System.getProperty("os.name", "unknown");
+		return osName.toLowerCase().indexOf("windows") != -1;
+	}
+	
+	protected URLClassLoader getURLClassLoader() {
+		ClassLoader ret = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
+		if (ret == null) {
+			ret = ProxyCompiler.class.getClassLoader();
+		}
+		return (ret instanceof URLClassLoader) ? (URLClassLoader)ret : null;
+	}
+	
+	public void compile(ProxyClass proxyClass) {
+		JavaCompiler compiler = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler();
+		if (compiler == null) {
+			throw new RuntimeException("Can not get javax.tools.JavaCompiler, check whether \"tools.jar\" is in the environment variable CLASSPATH \n" +
+										"Visit https://jfinal.com/doc/4-8 for details \n");
+		}
+		
+		DiagnosticCollector<JavaFileObject> collector = new DiagnosticCollector<>();
+		try (MyJavaFileManager javaFileManager = new MyJavaFileManager(compiler.getStandardFileManager(collector, null, null))) {
+			
+			MyJavaFileObject javaFileObject = new MyJavaFileObject(proxyClass.getName(), proxyClass.getSourceCode());
+			Boolean result = compiler.getTask(null, javaFileManager, collector, getOptions(), null, Arrays.asList(javaFileObject)).call();
+			outputCompileError(result, collector);
+			
+			Map<String, byte[]> ret = new HashMap<>();
+			for (Entry<String, MyJavaFileObject> e : javaFileManager.fileObjects.entrySet()) {
+				ret.put(e.getKey(), e.getValue().getByteCode());
+			}
+			
+			proxyClass.setByteCode(ret);
+		} catch (IOException e) {
+			throw new RuntimeException(e);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	protected void outputCompileError(Boolean result, DiagnosticCollector<JavaFileObject> collector) {
+		if (! result) {
+			// collector.getDiagnostics().forEach(item -> log.error(item.toString()));
+			collector.getDiagnostics().forEach(item -> System.out.println(item.toString()));
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public ProxyCompiler setCompileOptions(List<String> options) {
+		Objects.requireNonNull(options, "options can not be null");
+		this.options = options;
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	public ProxyCompiler addCompileOption(String option) {
+		Objects.requireNonNull(option, "option can not be null");
+		options.add(option);
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	public static class MyJavaFileObject extends SimpleJavaFileObject {
+		
+		private String source;
+		private ByteArrayOutputStream outPutStream;
+		
+		public MyJavaFileObject(String name, String source) {
+			super(URI.create("String:///" + name + Kind.SOURCE.extension), Kind.SOURCE);
+			this.source = source;
+		}
+		
+		public MyJavaFileObject(String name, Kind kind) {
+			super(URI.create("String:///" + name + kind.extension), kind);
+			source = null;
+		}
+		
+		@Override
+		public CharSequence getCharContent(boolean ignoreEncodingErrors) {
+			if (source == null) {
+				throw new IllegalStateException("source field can not be null");
+			}
+			return source;
+		}
+		
+		@Override
+		public OutputStream openOutputStream() throws IOException {
+			outPutStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+			return outPutStream;
+		}
+		
+		public byte[] getByteCode() {
+			return outPutStream.toByteArray();
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public static class MyJavaFileManager extends ForwardingJavaFileManager<JavaFileManager> {
+		
+		public Map<String, MyJavaFileObject> fileObjects = new HashMap<>();
+		
+		public MyJavaFileManager(JavaFileManager fileManager) {
+			super(fileManager);
+		}
+		
+		@Override
+		public JavaFileObject getJavaFileForOutput(Location location, String qualifiedClassName, JavaFileObject.Kind kind, FileObject sibling) throws IOException {
+			MyJavaFileObject javaFileObject = new MyJavaFileObject(qualifiedClassName, kind);
+			fileObjects.put(qualifiedClassName, javaFileObject);
+			return javaFileObject;
+		}
+		
+		// 是否在编译时依赖另一个类的情况下用到本方法 ?
+		@Override
+		public JavaFileObject getJavaFileForInput(Location location, String className, JavaFileObject.Kind kind) throws IOException {
+			JavaFileObject javaFileObject = fileObjects.get(className);
+			if (javaFileObject == null) {
+				javaFileObject = super.getJavaFileForInput(location, className, kind);
+			}
+			return javaFileObject;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/Directive.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/Engine.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,10 +21,17 @@ import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 import com.jfinal.kit.HashKit;
 import com.jfinal.kit.StrKit;
+import com.jfinal.kit.SyncWriteMap;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.FieldGetter;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.FieldKeyBuilder;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.FieldKit;
 import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.MethodKit;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.EncoderFactory;
+import com.jfinal.template.source.ClassPathSourceFactory;
 import com.jfinal.template.source.ISource;
 import com.jfinal.template.source.ISourceFactory;
 import com.jfinal.template.source.StringSource;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.OutputDirectiveFactory;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Parser;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.Stat;
 
@@ -40,7 +47,7 @@ public class Engine {
 	public static final String MAIN_ENGINE_NAME = "main";
 	
 	private static Engine MAIN_ENGINE;
-	private static Map<String, Engine> engineMap = new HashMap<String, Engine>();
+	private static Map<String, Engine> engineMap = new HashMap<String, Engine>(64, 0.5F);
 	
 	// Create main engine
 	static {
@@ -53,7 +60,7 @@ public class Engine {
 	private EngineConfig config = new EngineConfig();
 	private ISourceFactory sourceFactory = config.getSourceFactory();
 	
-	private Map<String, Template> templateCache = new HashMap<String, Template>();
+	private Map<String, Template> templateCache = new SyncWriteMap<String, Template>(2048, 0.5F);
 	
 	/**
 	 * Create engine without management of JFinal 
@@ -123,7 +130,7 @@ public class Engine {
 	}
 	
 	/**
-	 * Get template with file name
+	 * Get template by file name
 	 */
 	public Template getTemplate(String fileName) {
 		if (fileName.charAt(0) != '/') {
@@ -161,14 +168,6 @@ public class Engine {
 	
 	/**
 	 * Get template by string content and do not cache the template
-	 * 
-	 * 重要：StringSource 中的 key = HashKit.md5(content)，也即 key
-	 *     与 content 有紧密的对应关系，当 content 发生变化时 key 值也相应变化
-	 *     因此，原先 key 所对应的 Template 缓存对象已无法被获取，当 getTemplateByString(String)
-	 *     的 String 参数的数量不确定时会引发内存泄漏
-	 *     
-	 *     当 getTemplateByString(String, boolean) 中的 String 参数的
-	 *     数量可控并且确定时，才可对其使用缓存 
 	 */
 	public Template getTemplateByString(String content) {
 		return getTemplateByString(content, false);
@@ -176,6 +175,15 @@ public class Engine {
 	
 	/**
 	 * Get template by string content
+	 * 
+	 * 重要：StringSource 中的 cacheKey = HashKit.md5(content)，也即 cacheKey
+	 *     与 content 有紧密的对应关系，当 content 发生变化时 cacheKey 值也相应变化
+	 *     因此，原先 cacheKey 所对应的 Template 缓存对象已无法被获取，当 getTemplateByString(String)
+	 *     的 String 参数的数量不确定时会引发内存泄漏
+	 *     
+	 *     当 getTemplateByString(String, boolean) 中的 String 参数的
+	 *     数量可控并且确定时，才可对其使用缓存 
+	 *     
 	 * @param content 模板内容
 	 * @param cache true 则缓存 Template，否则不缓存
 	 */
@@ -184,37 +192,37 @@ public class Engine {
 			return buildTemplateBySource(new StringSource(content, cache));
 		}
 		
-		String key = HashKit.md5(content);
-		Template template = templateCache.get(key);
+		String cacheKey = HashKit.md5(content);
+		Template template = templateCache.get(cacheKey);
 		if (template == null) {
 			template = buildTemplateBySource(new StringSource(content, cache));
-			templateCache.put(key, template);
+			templateCache.put(cacheKey, template);
 		} else if (devMode) {
 			if (template.isModified()) {
 				template = buildTemplateBySource(new StringSource(content, cache));
-				templateCache.put(key, template);
+				templateCache.put(cacheKey, template);
 			}
 		}
 		return template;
 	}
 	
 	/**
-	 * Get template with implementation of ISource
+	 * Get template by implementation of ISource
 	 */
 	public Template getTemplate(ISource source) {
-		String key = source.getKey();
-		if (key == null) {	// key 为 null 则不缓存，详见 ISource.getKey() 注释
+		String cacheKey = source.getCacheKey();
+		if (cacheKey == null) {	// cacheKey 为 null 则不缓存，详见 ISource.getCacheKey() 注释
 			return buildTemplateBySource(source);
 		}
 		
-		Template template = templateCache.get(key);
+		Template template = templateCache.get(cacheKey);
 		if (template == null) {
 			template = buildTemplateBySource(source);
-			templateCache.put(key, template);
+			templateCache.put(cacheKey, template);
 		} else if (devMode) {
 			if (template.isModified()) {
 				template = buildTemplateBySource(source);
-				templateCache.put(key, template);
+				templateCache.put(cacheKey, template);
 			}
 		}
 		return template;
@@ -232,7 +240,7 @@ public class Engine {
 	}
 	
 	/**
-	 * Add shared function with file
+	 * Add shared function by file
 	 */
 	public Engine addSharedFunction(String fileName) {
 		config.addSharedFunction(fileName);
@@ -248,7 +256,7 @@ public class Engine {
 	}
 	
 	/**
-	 * Add shared function with files
+	 * Add shared function by files
 	 */
 	public Engine addSharedFunction(String... fileNames) {
 		config.addSharedFunction(fileNames);
@@ -271,19 +279,44 @@ public class Engine {
 		return this;
 	}
 	
+	public Engine removeSharedObject(String name) {
+		config.removeSharedObject(name);
+		return this;
+	}
+	
 	/**
 	 * Set output directive factory
 	 */
-	public Engine setOutputDirectiveFactory(IOutputDirectiveFactory outputDirectiveFactory) {
+	public Engine setOutputDirectiveFactory(OutputDirectiveFactory outputDirectiveFactory) {
 		config.setOutputDirectiveFactory(outputDirectiveFactory);
 		return this;
 	}
 	
 	/**
-	 * Add directive
+	 * 添加自定义指令
+	 * 
+	 * 建议添加自定义指令时明确指定 keepLineBlank 变量值，其规则如下：
+	 *   1：keepLineBlank 为 true 时， 该指令所在行的前后空白字符以及末尾字符 '\n' 将会被保留
+	 *      一般用于具有输出值的指令，例如 #date、#para 等指令
+	 *    
+	 *   2：keepLineBlank 为 false 时，该指令所在行的前后空白字符以及末尾字符 '\n' 将会被删除
+	 *      一般用于没有输出值的指令，例如 #for、#if、#else、#end 这种性质的指令
+	 * 
+	 * <pre>
+	 * 	示例：
+	 * 	addDirective("now", NowDirective.class, true)
+	 * </pre>
 	 */
-	public Engine addDirective(String directiveName, Directive directive) {
-		config.addDirective(directiveName, directive);
+	public Engine addDirective(String directiveName, Class<? extends Directive> directiveClass, boolean keepLineBlank) {
+		config.addDirective(directiveName, directiveClass, keepLineBlank);
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 添加自定义指令，keepLineBlank 使用默认值
+	 */
+	public Engine addDirective(String directiveName, Class<? extends Directive> directiveClass) {
+		config.addDirective(directiveName, directiveClass);
 		return this;
 	}
 	
@@ -320,7 +353,7 @@ public class Engine {
 	}
 	
 	/**
-	 * Remove shared Method with method name
+	 * Remove shared Method by method name
 	 */
 	public Engine removeSharedMethod(String methodName) {
 		config.removeSharedMethod(methodName);
@@ -344,10 +377,10 @@ public class Engine {
 	}
 	
 	/**
-	 * Remove template cache with template key
+	 * Remove template cache by cache key
 	 */
-	public void removeTemplateCache(String templateKey) {
-		templateCache.remove(templateKey);
+	public void removeTemplateCache(String cacheKey) {
+		templateCache.remove(cacheKey);
 	}
 	
 	/**
@@ -414,6 +447,13 @@ public class Engine {
 		return this;
 	}
 	
+	/**
+	 * 设置为 ClassPathSourceFactory 的快捷方法
+	 */
+	public Engine setToClassPathSourceFactory() {
+		return setSourceFactory(new ClassPathSourceFactory());
+	}
+	
 	public ISourceFactory getSourceFactory() {
 		return sourceFactory;
 	}
@@ -445,6 +485,30 @@ public class Engine {
 		return config.getEncoding();
 	}
 	
+	/**
+	 * Enjoy 模板引擎对 UTF-8 的 encoding 做过性能优化，某些罕见字符
+	 * 无法被编码，可以配置为 JdkEncoderFactory 解决问题:
+	 * 		engine.setEncoderFactory(new JdkEncoderFactory());
+	 */
+	public Engine setEncoderFactory(EncoderFactory encoderFactory) {
+		config.setEncoderFactory(encoderFactory);
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 配置为 JdkEncoderFactory，支持 utf8mb4，支持 emoji 表情字符，
+	 * 支持各种罕见字符编码
+	 */
+	public Engine setToJdkEncoderFactory() {
+		config.setEncoderFactory(new com.jfinal.template.io.JdkEncoderFactory());
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	public Engine setWriterBufferSize(int bufferSize) {
+		config.setWriterBufferSize(bufferSize);
+		return this;
+	}
+	
 	/**
 	 * Engine 独立设置为 devMode 可以方便模板文件在修改后立即生效，
 	 * 但如果在 devMode 之下并不希望对 addSharedFunction(...)，
@@ -466,12 +530,62 @@ public class Engine {
 	}
 	
 	public static void removeExtensionMethod(Class<?> targetClass, Object objectOfExtensionClass) {
-		MethodKit.removeExtensionMethod(targetClass, objectOfExtensionClass);;
+		MethodKit.removeExtensionMethod(targetClass, objectOfExtensionClass);
 	}
 	
 	public static void removeExtensionMethod(Class<?> targetClass, Class<?> extensionClass) {
 		MethodKit.removeExtensionMethod(targetClass, extensionClass);
 	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 添加 FieldGetter 实现类到指定的位置
+	 * 
+	 * 系统当前默认 FieldGetter 实现类及其位置如下：
+	 * GetterMethodFieldGetter  ---> 调用 getter 方法取值
+	 * RealFieldGetter			---> 直接获取 public 型的 object.field 值
+	 * ModelFieldGetter			---> 调用 Model.get(String) 方法取值
+	 * RecordFieldGetter			---> 调用 Record.get(String) 方法取值
+	 * MapFieldGetter			---> 调用 Map.get(String) 方法取值
+	 * ArrayLengthGetter			---> 获取数组长度
+	 * 
+	 * 根据以上次序，如果要插入 IsMethodFieldGetter 到 GetterMethodFieldGetter
+	 * 之后的代码如下：
+	 * Engine.addFieldGetter(1, new IsMethodFieldGetter());
+	 * 
+	 * 注：IsMethodFieldGetter 系统已经提供，只是默认没有启用。该实现类通过调用
+	 *    target.isXxx() 方法获取 target.xxx 表达式的值，其中 isXxx() 返回值
+	 *    必须是 Boolean/boolean 类型才会被调用
+	 */
+	public static void addFieldGetter(int index, FieldGetter fieldGetter) {
+		FieldKit.addFieldGetter(index, fieldGetter);
+	}
+	
+	public static void addFieldGetterToLast(FieldGetter fieldGetter) {
+		FieldKit.addFieldGetterToLast(fieldGetter);
+	}
+	
+	public static void addFieldGetterToFirst(FieldGetter fieldGetter) {
+		FieldKit.addFieldGetterToFirst(fieldGetter);
+	}
+	
+	public static void removeFieldGetter(Class<? extends FieldGetter> fieldGetterClass) {
+		FieldKit.removeFieldGetter(fieldGetterClass);
+	}
+	
+	public static void setFastFieldKeyBuilder(boolean enable) {
+		FieldKeyBuilder.setFastFieldKeyBuilder(enable);
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 设置极速模式
+	 * 
+	 * 极速模式将生成代理对象来消除 java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(...) 调用，
+	 * 性能提升 12.9%
+	 */
+	public static void setFastMode(boolean fastMode) {
+		FieldKit.setFastMode(fastMode);
+		FieldKeyBuilder.setFastFieldKeyBuilder(fastMode);
+	}
 }
 
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/EngineConfig.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,24 +19,28 @@ package com.jfinal.template;
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Map.Entry;
+import java.util.Set;
 import com.jfinal.kit.StrKit;
 import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.ExprList;
 import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.SharedMethodKit;
 import com.jfinal.template.ext.directive.*;
-// import com.jfinal.template.ext.sharedmethod.Json;
+import com.jfinal.template.ext.sharedmethod.SharedMethodLib;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.EncoderFactory;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.WriterBuffer;
 import com.jfinal.template.source.FileSource;
 import com.jfinal.template.source.FileSourceFactory;
 import com.jfinal.template.source.ISource;
 import com.jfinal.template.source.ISourceFactory;
 import com.jfinal.template.source.StringSource;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Location;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.OutputDirectiveFactory;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Parser;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.Define;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.Output;
-import com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.Stat;
 
 /**
  * EngineConfig
@@ -45,16 +49,21 @@ public class EngineConfig {
 	
 	public static final String DEFAULT_ENCODING = "UTF-8";
 	
-	private Map<String, Define> sharedFunctionMap = new HashMap<String, Define>();
+	WriterBuffer writerBuffer = new WriterBuffer();
+	
+	private Map<String, Define> sharedFunctionMap = createSharedFunctionMap();		// new HashMap<String, Define>(512, 0.25F);
 	private List<ISource> sharedFunctionSourceList = new ArrayList<ISource>();		// for devMode only
 	
 	Map<String, Object> sharedObjectMap = null;
 	
-	private IOutputDirectiveFactory outputDirectiveFactory = OutputDirectiveFactory.me;
+	private OutputDirectiveFactory outputDirectiveFactory = OutputDirectiveFactory.me;
 	private ISourceFactory sourceFactory = new FileSourceFactory();
-	private Map<String, Stat> directiveMap = new HashMap<String, Stat>();
+	private Map<String, Class<? extends Directive>> directiveMap = new HashMap<String, Class<? extends Directive>>(64, 0.5F);
 	private SharedMethodKit sharedMethodKit = new SharedMethodKit();
 	
+	// 保留指令所在行空白字符的指令
+	private Set<String> keepLineBlankDirectives = new HashSet<>();
+	
 	private boolean devMode = false;
 	private boolean reloadModifiedSharedFunctionInDevMode = true;
 	private String baseTemplatePath = null;
@@ -62,21 +71,29 @@ public class EngineConfig {
 	private String datePattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm";
 	
 	public EngineConfig() {
+		// 内置指令 #() 与 #include() 需要配置，保留指令所在行前后空白字符以及行尾换行字符 '\n'
+		setKeepLineBlank("output", true);
+		setKeepLineBlank("include", true);
+		
 		// Add official directive of Template Engine
-		addDirective("render", new RenderDirective());
-		addDirective("date", new DateDirective());
-		addDirective("escape", new EscapeDirective());
-		addDirective("string", new StringDirective());
-		addDirective("random", new RandomDirective());
+		addDirective("render", RenderDirective.class, true);
+		addDirective("date", DateDirective.class, true);
+		addDirective("escape", EscapeDirective.class, true);
+		addDirective("random", RandomDirective.class, true);
+		addDirective("number", NumberDirective.class, true);
+		
+		addDirective("call", CallDirective.class, false);
+		addDirective("string", StringDirective.class, false);
 		
 		// Add official shared method of Template Engine
-		// addSharedMethod(new Json());
+		addSharedMethod(new SharedMethodLib());
 	}
 	
 	/**
 	 * Add shared function with file
 	 */
 	public void addSharedFunction(String fileName) {
+		fileName = fileName.replace("\\", "/");
 		// FileSource fileSource = new FileSource(baseTemplatePath, fileName, encoding);
 		ISource source = sourceFactory.getSource(baseTemplatePath, fileName, encoding);
 		doAddSharedFunction(source, fileName);
@@ -174,7 +191,7 @@ public class EngineConfig {
 	 * 开发者可直接使用模板注释功能将不需要的 function 直接注释掉
 	 */
 	private synchronized void reloadSharedFunctionSourceList() {
-		Map<String, Define> newMap = new HashMap<String, Define>();
+		Map<String, Define> newMap = createSharedFunctionMap();
 		for (int i = 0, size = sharedFunctionSourceList.size(); i < size; i++) {
 			ISource source = sharedFunctionSourceList.get(i);
 			String fileName = source instanceof FileSource ? ((FileSource)source).getFileName() : null;
@@ -189,23 +206,33 @@ public class EngineConfig {
 		this.sharedFunctionMap = newMap;
 	}
 	
+	private Map<String, Define> createSharedFunctionMap() {
+		return new HashMap<String, Define>(512, 0.25F);
+	}
+	
 	public synchronized void addSharedObject(String name, Object object) {
 		if (sharedObjectMap == null) {
-			sharedObjectMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
+			sharedObjectMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(64, 0.25F);
 		} else if (sharedObjectMap.containsKey(name)) {
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Shared object already exists: " + name);
 		}
 		sharedObjectMap.put(name, object);
 	}
 	
-	Map<String, Object> getSharedObjectMap() {
+	public Map<String, Object> getSharedObjectMap() {
 		return sharedObjectMap;
 	}
 	
+	public synchronized void removeSharedObject(String name) {
+		if (sharedObjectMap != null) {
+			sharedObjectMap.remove(name);
+		}
+	}
+	
 	/**
 	 * Set output directive factory
 	 */
-	public void setOutputDirectiveFactory(IOutputDirectiveFactory outputDirectiveFactory) {
+	public void setOutputDirectiveFactory(OutputDirectiveFactory outputDirectiveFactory) {
 		if (outputDirectiveFactory == null) {
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException("outputDirectiveFactory can not be null");
 		}
@@ -251,8 +278,9 @@ public class EngineConfig {
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException("baseTemplatePath can not be blank");
 		}
 		baseTemplatePath = baseTemplatePath.trim();
+		baseTemplatePath = baseTemplatePath.replace("\\", "/");
 		if (baseTemplatePath.length() > 1) {
-			if (baseTemplatePath.endsWith("/") || baseTemplatePath.endsWith("\\")) {
+			if (baseTemplatePath.endsWith("/")) {
 				baseTemplatePath = baseTemplatePath.substring(0, baseTemplatePath.length() - 1);
 			}
 		}
@@ -268,6 +296,17 @@ public class EngineConfig {
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException("encoding can not be blank");
 		}
 		this.encoding = encoding;
+		
+		writerBuffer.setEncoding(encoding);		// 间接设置 EncoderFactory.encoding
+	}
+	
+	public void setEncoderFactory(EncoderFactory encoderFactory) {
+		writerBuffer.setEncoderFactory(encoderFactory);
+		writerBuffer.setEncoding(encoding);		// 间接设置 EncoderFactory.encoding
+	}
+	
+	public void setWriterBufferSize(int bufferSize) {
+		writerBuffer.setBufferSize(bufferSize);
 	}
 	
 	public String getEncoding() {
@@ -289,25 +328,46 @@ public class EngineConfig {
 		this.reloadModifiedSharedFunctionInDevMode = reloadModifiedSharedFunctionInDevMode;
 	}
 	
-	public synchronized void addDirective(String directiveName, Directive directive) {
+	public synchronized void addDirective(String directiveName, Class<? extends Directive> directiveClass, boolean keepLineBlank) {
 		if (StrKit.isBlank(directiveName)) {
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException("directive name can not be blank");
 		}
-		if (directive == null) {
-			throw new IllegalArgumentException("directive can not be null");
+		if (directiveClass == null) {
+			throw new IllegalArgumentException("directiveClass can not be null");
 		}
 		if (directiveMap.containsKey(directiveName)) {
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException("directive already exists : " + directiveName);
 		}
-		directiveMap.put(directiveName, directive);
+		
+		directiveMap.put(directiveName, directiveClass);
+		if (keepLineBlank) {
+			keepLineBlankDirectives.add(directiveName);
+		}
 	}
 	
-	public Stat getDirective(String directiveName) {
+	public void addDirective(String directiveName, Class<? extends Directive> directiveClass) {
+		addDirective(directiveName, directiveClass, false);
+	}
+	
+	public Class<? extends Directive> getDirective(String directiveName) {
 		return directiveMap.get(directiveName);
 	}
 	
 	public void removeDirective(String directiveName) {
 		directiveMap.remove(directiveName);
+		keepLineBlankDirectives.remove(directiveName);
+	}
+	
+	public void setKeepLineBlank(String directiveName, boolean keepLineBlank) {
+		if (keepLineBlank) {
+			keepLineBlankDirectives.add(directiveName);
+		} else {
+			keepLineBlankDirectives.remove(directiveName);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public Set<String> getKeepLineBlankDirectives() {
+		return keepLineBlankDirectives;
 	}
 	
 	/**

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/Env.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ import com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.Define;
 public class Env {
 	
 	protected EngineConfig engineConfig;
-	protected Map<String, Define> functionMap = new HashMap<String, Define>();
+	protected Map<String, Define> functionMap = new HashMap<String, Define>(16, 0.5F);
 	
 	// 代替 Template 持有该属性，便于在 #include 指令中调用 Env.addSource()
 	protected List<ISource> sourceList = null;
@@ -48,6 +48,10 @@ public class Env {
 		return engineConfig;
 	}
 	
+	public boolean isDevMode() {
+		return engineConfig.isDevMode();
+	}
+	
 	/**
 	 * Add template function
 	 */

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/FastStringWriter.java

@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.jfinal.template;
-
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.Writer;
-
-/**
- * FastStringWriter
- * 
- * 由 JDK 中 StringWriter 改造而成，将 StringBuffer 属性替换为
- * StringBuilder，避免 StringBuffer 的 synchronized 操作
- */
-public class FastStringWriter extends Writer {
-	
-	private StringBuilder buf;
-	
-    public FastStringWriter() {
-        buf = new StringBuilder();
-    }
-    
-    public FastStringWriter(int initialSize) {
-        if (initialSize < 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative buffer size");
-        }
-        buf = new StringBuilder(initialSize);
-    }
-    
-    public void write(int c) {
-        buf.append((char) c);
-    }
-    
-    public void write(char cbuf[], int off, int len) {
-        if ((off < 0) || (off > cbuf.length) || (len < 0) ||
-            ((off + len) > cbuf.length) || ((off + len) < 0)) {
-            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
-        } else if (len == 0) {
-            return;
-        }
-        buf.append(cbuf, off, len);
-    }
-    
-    public void write(String str) {
-        buf.append(str);
-    }
-    
-    public void write(String str, int off, int len)  {
-        buf.append(str.substring(off, off + len));
-    }
-    
-    public FastStringWriter append(CharSequence csq) {
-        if (csq == null) {
-            write("null");
-        } else {
-            write(csq.toString());
-        }
-        return this;
-    }
-    
-    public FastStringWriter append(CharSequence csq, int start, int end) {
-        CharSequence cs = (csq == null ? "null" : csq);
-        write(cs.subSequence(start, end).toString());
-        return this;
-    }
-    
-    public FastStringWriter append(char c) {
-        write(c);
-        return this;
-    }
-    
-    public String toString() {
-        return buf.toString();
-    }
-    
-    public StringBuilder getBuffer() {
-        return buf;
-    }
-    
-    public void flush() {
-    	
-    }
-    
-    public void close() throws IOException {
-    	
-    }
-}
-
-
-
-
-

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/Template.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,8 +16,15 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.template;
 
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.io.Writer;
 import java.util.Map;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.ByteWriter;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.CharWriter;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.FastStringWriter;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.Stat;
 
@@ -42,27 +49,65 @@ public class Template {
 		this.ast = ast;
 	}
 	
+	/**
+	 * 渲染到 OutputStream 中去
+	 */
+	public void render(Map<?, ?> data, OutputStream outputStream) {
+		ByteWriter byteWriter = env.engineConfig.writerBuffer.getByteWriter(outputStream);
+		try {
+			ast.exec(env, new Scope(data, env.engineConfig.sharedObjectMap), byteWriter);
+		} finally {
+			byteWriter.close();
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 支持无 data 参数，渲染到 OutputStream 中去 <br>
+	 * 适用于数据在模板中通过表达式和语句直接计算得出等等应用场景
+	 */
+	public void render(OutputStream outputStream) {
+		render(null, outputStream);
+	}
+	
 	/**
 	 * 渲染到 Writer 中去
 	 */
 	public void render(Map<?, ?> data, Writer writer) {
-		ast.exec(env, new Scope(data, env.engineConfig.sharedObjectMap), writer);
+		CharWriter charWriter = env.engineConfig.writerBuffer.getCharWriter(writer);
+		try {
+			ast.exec(env, new Scope(data, env.engineConfig.sharedObjectMap), charWriter);
+		} finally {
+			charWriter.close();
+		}
 	}
 	
 	/**
 	 * 支持无 data 参数，渲染到 Writer 中去 <br>
-	 * 适用于数据在模板中通过表达式和语句直接计算得出等等应用场景<br>
-	 * 此外，其它所有 render 方法也支持传入 null 值 data 参数
+	 * 适用于数据在模板中通过表达式和语句直接计算得出等等应用场景
 	 */
 	public void render(Writer writer) {
-		ast.exec(env, new Scope(null, env.engineConfig.sharedObjectMap), writer);
+		render(null, writer);
 	}
 	
 	/**
-	 * 渲染到 FastStringWriter 中去
+	 * 渲染到 String 中去
 	 */
-	public void render(Map<?, ?> data, FastStringWriter fastStringWriter) {
-		ast.exec(env, new Scope(data, env.engineConfig.sharedObjectMap), fastStringWriter);
+	public String renderToString(Map<?, ?> data) {
+		FastStringWriter fsw = env.engineConfig.writerBuffer.getFastStringWriter();
+		try {
+			render(data, fsw);
+			return fsw.toString();
+		} finally {
+			fsw.close();
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 支持无 data 参数，渲染到 String 中去 <br>
+	 * 适用于数据在模板中通过表达式和语句直接计算得出等等应用场景
+	 */
+	public String renderToString() {
+		return renderToString(null);
 	}
 	
 	/**
@@ -71,14 +116,27 @@ public class Template {
 	public StringBuilder renderToStringBuilder(Map<?, ?> data) {
 		FastStringWriter fsw = new FastStringWriter();
 		render(data, fsw);
-		return fsw.getBuffer();
+		return fsw.toStringBuilder();
 	}
 	
 	/**
-	 * 渲染到 String 中去
+	 * 渲染到 File 中去
+	 * 适用于代码生成器类似应用场景
 	 */
-	public String renderToString(Map<?, ?> data) {
-		return renderToStringBuilder(data).toString();
+	public void render(Map<?, ?> data, File file) {
+		try (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file)) {
+			render(data, fos);
+		} catch (IOException e) {
+			throw new RuntimeException(e);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 渲染到 String fileName 参数所指定的文件中去
+	 * 适用于代码生成器类似应用场景
+	 */
+	public void render(Map<?, ?> data, String fileName) {
+		render(data, new File(fileName));
 	}
 	
 	public boolean isModified() {

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/TemplateException.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ public class TemplateException extends RuntimeException {
 		super(loc != null ? msg + loc : msg);
 	}
 	
-	public TemplateException(String msg, Location loc, Throwable t) {
-		super(loc != null ? msg + loc : msg, t);
+	public TemplateException(String msg, Location loc, Throwable cause) {
+		super(loc != null ? msg + loc : msg, cause);
 	}
 }
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ExprLexer.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ class ExprLexer {
 				radix = 16;						// 16 进制
 				c = next();
 				numStart = numStart + 2;
-			} else {
+			} else if (c != '.') {
 				radix = 8;						// 8 进制
 				// numStart = numStart + 1;		// 8 进制不用去掉前缀 0，可被正确转换，去除此行便于正确处理数字 0
 			}

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ExprParser.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,28 +21,7 @@ import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import com.jfinal.template.EngineConfig;
 import com.jfinal.template.expr.Sym;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Arith;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Array;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Assign;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Compare;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Const;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Expr;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.ExprList;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Field;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.ForCtrl;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Id;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.IncDec;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Index;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Logic;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Map;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Method;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.NullSafe;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.RangeArray;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.SharedMethod;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.StaticField;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.StaticMethod;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Ternary;
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Unary;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.*;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Location;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParaToken;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParseException;
@@ -100,6 +79,8 @@ public class ExprParser {
 	
 	public ForCtrl parseForCtrl() {
 		Expr forCtrl = parse(false);
+		
+		// 可能返回 ExprList.NULL_EXPR_LIST，必须做判断
 		if (forCtrl instanceof ForCtrl) {
 			return (ForCtrl)forCtrl;
 		} else {
@@ -124,7 +105,7 @@ public class ExprParser {
 	/**
 	 * exprList : expr (',' expr)*
 	 */
-	Expr exprList() {
+	ExprList exprList() {
 		List<Expr> exprList = new ArrayList<Expr>();
 		while (true) {
 			Expr stat = expr();
@@ -290,7 +271,7 @@ public class ExprParser {
 		case ADD:
 		case SUB:
 			move();
-			return new Unary(tok.sym, unary(), location);
+			return new Unary(tok.sym, unary(), location).toConstIfPossible();
 		case INC:
 		case DEC:
 			move();
@@ -346,7 +327,7 @@ public class ExprParser {
 				return new StaticMethod(clazz, memberName, location);
 			}
 			
-			ExprList exprList = (ExprList)exprList();
+			ExprList exprList = exprList();
 			match(Sym.RPAREN);
 			return new StaticMethod(clazz, memberName, exprList, location);
 		}
@@ -383,7 +364,7 @@ public class ExprParser {
 			return indexMethodField(sharedMethod);
 		}
 		
-		ExprList exprList = (ExprList)exprList();
+		ExprList exprList = exprList();
 		SharedMethod sharedMethod = new SharedMethod(engineConfig.getSharedMethodKit(), tok.value(), exprList, location);
 		match(Sym.RPAREN);
 		return indexMethodField(sharedMethod);
@@ -433,7 +414,7 @@ public class ExprParser {
 			}
 			
 			// expr '.' ID '(' exprList ')'
-			ExprList exprList = (ExprList)exprList();
+			ExprList exprList = exprList();
 			match(Sym.RPAREN);
 			expr = new Method(expr, tok.value(), exprList, location);
 		}
@@ -466,21 +447,26 @@ public class ExprParser {
 	}
 	
 	/**
-	 * mapEntry : (ID | STR) ':' expr
+	 * mapEntry : (ID | STR | INT | LONG | FLOAT | DOUBLE | TRUE | FALSE | NULL) ':' expr
+	 * 设计目标为 map 定义与初始化，所以 ID 仅当成 STR 不进行求值
 	 */
 	void buildMapEntry(LinkedHashMap<Object, Expr> map) {
-		Tok tok = peek();
-		if (tok.sym == Sym.ID || tok.sym == Sym.STR) {
-			move();
-			match(Sym.COLON);
-			Expr value = expr();
-			if (value == null) {
-				throw new ParseException("Expression error: the value on the right side of map entry can not be blank", location);
-			}
-			map.put(tok.value(), value);
-			return ;
+		Expr keyExpr = expr();
+		Object key;
+		if (keyExpr instanceof Id) {
+			key = ((Id)keyExpr).getId();
+		} else if (keyExpr instanceof Const) {
+			key = ((Const)keyExpr).getValue();
+		} else {
+			throw new ParseException("Expression error: the value of map key must be identifier, String, Boolean, null or Number", location);
 		}
-		throw new ParseException("Expression error: the value of map key must be identifier or String", location);
+		
+		match(Sym.COLON);
+		Expr value = expr();
+		if (value == null) {
+			throw new ParseException("Expression error: the value on the right side of map entry can not be blank", location);
+		}
+		map.put(key, value);
 	}
 	
 	/**
@@ -498,7 +484,7 @@ public class ExprParser {
 			move();
 			return new Array(ExprList.NULL_EXPR_ARRAY, location);
 		}
-		ExprList exprList = (ExprList)exprList();
+		ExprList exprList = exprList();
 		if (exprList.length() == 1 && peek().sym == Sym.RANGE) {
 			move();
 			Expr end = expr();
@@ -526,12 +512,14 @@ public class ExprParser {
 			move();
 			return new Id(tok.value());
 		case STR:
+			move();
+			return new Const(tok.sym, tok.value());
 		case INT:
 		case LONG:
 		case FLOAT:
 		case DOUBLE:
 			move();
-			return new Const(tok.sym, tok.value());
+			return new Const(tok.sym, ((NumTok)tok).getNumberValue());
 		case TRUE:
 			move();
 			return Const.TRUE;
@@ -560,13 +548,13 @@ public class ExprParser {
 	/**
 	 * forControl : ID : expr | exprList? ';' expr? ';' exprList?
 	 */
-	Expr forCtrl() {
-		ExprList exprList = (ExprList)exprList();
+	ForCtrl forCtrl() {
+		ExprList exprList = exprList();
 		if (peek().sym == Sym.SEMICOLON) {
 			move();
 			Expr cond = expr();
 			match(Sym.SEMICOLON);
-			Expr update = exprList();
+			ExprList update = exprList();
 			return new ForCtrl(exprList, cond, update, location);
 		}
 		

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/NumTok.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParseException;
  */
 public class NumTok extends Tok {
 	
-	private Object value;
+	private Number value;
 	
 	NumTok(Sym sym, String s, int radix, boolean isScientificNotation, Location location) {
 		super(sym, location.getRow());
@@ -101,3 +101,8 @@ public class NumTok extends Tok {
 		return sym.value() + " : " + value;
 	}
 }
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/Sym.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/Tok.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Arith.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Array.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Assign.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -70,6 +70,23 @@ public class Assign extends Expr {
 		this.location = location;
 	}
 	
+	/**
+	 * 获取 assign 表达式左侧标识符 id
+	 * 在自定义指令中得到 id 值，可以得知该赋值表达式是针对哪个变量在操作，有助于扩展
+	 * 需求来源：http://www.jfinal.com/share/379
+	 */
+	public String getId() {
+		return id;
+	}
+	
+	public Expr getIndex() {
+		return index;
+	}
+	
+	public Expr getRight() {
+		return right;
+	}
+	
 	/**
 	 * 赋值语句有返回值，可以用于表达式计算
 	 */

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Compare.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -94,9 +94,11 @@ public class Compare extends Expr {
 			case Arith.FLOAT:
 				// 此法仅适用于两个对象类型相同的情况，升级为 BigDecimal 后精度会再高几个数量级
 				// return Float.floatToIntBits(l.floatValue()) == Float.floatToIntBits(r.floatValue());
+				return l.floatValue() == r.floatValue();
 			case Arith.DOUBLE:
 				// 此法仅适用于两个对象类型相同的情况，升级为 BigDecimal 后精度会再高几个数量级
 				// return Double.doubleToLongBits(l.doubleValue()) == Double.doubleToLongBits(r.doubleValue());
+				return l.doubleValue() == r.doubleValue();
 			case Arith.BIGDECIMAL:
 				BigDecimal[] bd = toBigDecimals(l, r);
 				return (bd[0]).compareTo(bd[1]) == 0;
@@ -120,8 +122,10 @@ public class Compare extends Expr {
 				return l.longValue() > r.longValue();
 			case Arith.FLOAT:
 				// return Float.floatToIntBits(l.floatValue()) > Float.floatToIntBits(r.floatValue());
+				return l.floatValue() > r.floatValue();
 			case Arith.DOUBLE:
 				// return Double.doubleToLongBits(l.doubleValue()) > Double.doubleToLongBits(r.doubleValue());
+				return l.doubleValue() > r.doubleValue();
 			case Arith.BIGDECIMAL:
 				BigDecimal[] bd = toBigDecimals(l, r);
 				return (bd[0]).compareTo(bd[1]) > 0;
@@ -130,11 +134,12 @@ public class Compare extends Expr {
 		}
 		
 		if (leftValue instanceof Comparable &&
+			rightValue != null &&
 			leftValue.getClass() == rightValue.getClass()) {
 			return ((Comparable)leftValue).compareTo((Comparable)rightValue) > 0;
 		}
 		
-		return checkType(leftValue, rightValue);
+		return checkComparisonValue(leftValue, rightValue);
 	}
 	
 	@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
@@ -150,8 +155,10 @@ public class Compare extends Expr {
 				return l.longValue() >= r.longValue();
 			case Arith.FLOAT:
 				// return Float.floatToIntBits(l.floatValue()) >= Float.floatToIntBits(r.floatValue());
+				return l.floatValue() >= r.floatValue();
 			case Arith.DOUBLE:
 				// return Double.doubleToLongBits(l.doubleValue()) >= Double.doubleToLongBits(r.doubleValue());
+				return l.doubleValue() >= r.doubleValue();
 			case Arith.BIGDECIMAL:
 				BigDecimal[] bd = toBigDecimals(l, r);
 				return (bd[0]).compareTo(bd[1]) >= 0;
@@ -160,11 +167,12 @@ public class Compare extends Expr {
 		}
 		
 		if (leftValue instanceof Comparable &&
+			rightValue != null &&
 			leftValue.getClass() == rightValue.getClass()) {
 			return ((Comparable)leftValue).compareTo((Comparable)rightValue) >= 0;
 		}
 		
-		return checkType(leftValue, rightValue);
+		return checkComparisonValue(leftValue, rightValue);
 	}
 	
 	@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
@@ -180,8 +188,10 @@ public class Compare extends Expr {
 				return l.longValue() < r.longValue();
 			case Arith.FLOAT:
 				// return Float.floatToIntBits(l.floatValue()) < Float.floatToIntBits(r.floatValue());
+				return l.floatValue() < r.floatValue();
 			case Arith.DOUBLE:
 				// return Double.doubleToLongBits(l.doubleValue()) < Double.doubleToLongBits(r.doubleValue());
+				return l.doubleValue() < r.doubleValue();
 			case Arith.BIGDECIMAL:
 				BigDecimal[] bd = toBigDecimals(l, r);
 				return (bd[0]).compareTo(bd[1]) < 0;
@@ -190,11 +200,12 @@ public class Compare extends Expr {
 		}
 		
 		if (leftValue instanceof Comparable &&
+			rightValue != null &&
 			leftValue.getClass() == rightValue.getClass()) {
 			return ((Comparable)leftValue).compareTo((Comparable)rightValue) < 0;
 		}
 		
-		return checkType(leftValue, rightValue);
+		return checkComparisonValue(leftValue, rightValue);
 	}
 	
 	@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
@@ -210,8 +221,10 @@ public class Compare extends Expr {
 				return l.longValue() <= r.longValue();
 			case Arith.FLOAT:
 				// return Float.floatToIntBits(l.floatValue()) <= Float.floatToIntBits(r.floatValue());
+				return l.floatValue() <= r.floatValue();
 			case Arith.DOUBLE:
 				// return Double.doubleToLongBits(l.doubleValue()) <= Double.doubleToLongBits(r.doubleValue());
+				return l.doubleValue() <= r.doubleValue();
 			case Arith.BIGDECIMAL:
 				BigDecimal[] bd = toBigDecimals(l, r);
 				return (bd[0]).compareTo(bd[1]) <= 0;
@@ -220,11 +233,12 @@ public class Compare extends Expr {
 		}
 		
 		if (leftValue instanceof Comparable &&
+			rightValue != null &&
 			leftValue.getClass() == rightValue.getClass()) {
 			return ((Comparable)leftValue).compareTo((Comparable)rightValue) <= 0;
 		}
 		
-		return checkType(leftValue, rightValue);
+		return checkComparisonValue(leftValue, rightValue);
 	}
 	
 	private int getMaxType(Number obj1, Number obj2) {
@@ -260,7 +274,7 @@ public class Compare extends Expr {
 		return ret;
 	}
 	
-	private Boolean checkType(Object leftValue, Object rightValue) {
+	private Boolean checkComparisonValue(Object leftValue, Object rightValue) {
 		if (leftValue == null) {
 			throw new TemplateException("The operation target on the left side of \"" + op.value() + "\" can not be null", location);
 		}

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Const.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,62 +20,29 @@ import com.jfinal.template.expr.Sym;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
 
 /**
- * STR INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE true false null
+ * STR INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE TRUE FALSE NULL
  */
 public class Const extends Expr {
 	
-	public static final Const TRUE = new Const(Boolean.TRUE, Sym.TRUE);
-	public static final Const FALSE = new Const(Boolean.FALSE, Sym.FALSE);
-	public static final Const NULL = new Const(null, Sym.NULL);
+	public static final Const TRUE = new Const(Sym.TRUE, Boolean.TRUE);
+	public static final Const FALSE = new Const(Sym.FALSE, Boolean.FALSE);
+	public static final Const NULL = new Const(Sym.NULL, null);
 	
-	private Sym type;
-	private Object value;
+	private final Sym type;
+	private final Object value;
 	
 	/**
-	 * 构造 TRUE FALSE NULL 常量，无需对 value 进行转换
+	 * INT LONG FLOAT DOUBLE 常量已在 NumTok 中转换成了确切的类型，无需再次转换
 	 */
-	private Const(Object value, Sym type) {
+	public Const(Sym type, Object value) {
 		this.type = type;
 		this.value = value;
 	}
 	
-	public Const(Sym type, String value) {
-		this.type = type;
-		this.value = typeConvert(type, value);
-	}
-	
-	private Object typeConvert(Sym type, String value) {
-		switch (type) {
-		case STR:
-			return value;
-		case INT:
-			return Integer.parseInt(value);
-		case LONG:
-			return Long.parseLong(value);
-		case FLOAT:
-			return Float.parseFloat(value);
-		case DOUBLE:
-			return Double.parseDouble(value);
-		/*
-		case TRUE:
-		case FALSE:
-			return Boolean.parseBoolean(value);
-		case NULL:
-			return null;
-		*/
-		default:
-			throw new RuntimeException("never happend");
-		}
-	}
-	
 	public Object eval(Scope scope) {
 		return value;
 	}
 	
-	public String toString() {
-		return value.toString();
-	}
-	
 	public boolean isStr() {
 		return type == Sym.STR;
 	}
@@ -112,6 +79,10 @@ public class Const extends Expr {
 		return type == Sym.DOUBLE;
 	}
 	
+	public boolean isNumber() {
+		return value instanceof Number;
+	}
+	
 	public Object getValue() {
 		return value;
 	}
@@ -139,6 +110,14 @@ public class Const extends Expr {
 	public Double getDouble() {
 		return (Double)value;
 	}
+	
+	public Number getNumber() {
+		return (Number)value;
+	}
+	
+	public String toString() {
+		return value != null ? value.toString() : "null";
+	}
 }
 
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Expr.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/ExprList.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.template.expr.ast;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 import com.jfinal.template.TemplateException;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
@@ -25,24 +26,40 @@ import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
  */
 public class ExprList extends Expr {
 	
+	public static final Expr NULL_EXPR = NullExpr.me;
 	public static final Expr[] NULL_EXPR_ARRAY = new Expr[0];
+	public static final ExprList NULL_EXPR_LIST = new ExprList(new ArrayList<Expr>(0));
+	
 	public static final Object[] NULL_OBJECT_ARRAY =  new Object[0];
-	public static final ExprList NULL_EXPR_LIST = new ExprList();
 	
 	private Expr[] exprArray;
 	
-	private ExprList() {
-		this.exprArray = NULL_EXPR_ARRAY;
-	}
-	
 	public ExprList(List<Expr> exprList) {
-		if (exprList != null && exprList.size() > 0) {
+		if (exprList.size() > 0) {
 			exprArray = exprList.toArray(new Expr[exprList.size()]);
 		} else {
 			exprArray = NULL_EXPR_ARRAY;
 		}
 	}
 	
+	/**
+	 * 持有 ExprList 的指令可以通过此方法提升 AST 执行性能
+	 * 1：当 exprArray.length == 1 时返回 exprArray[0]
+	 * 2：当 exprArray.length == 0 时返回 NullExpr
+	 * 3：其它情况返回 ExprList 自身
+	 * 
+	 * 意义在于，当满足前面两个条件时，避免掉了 ExprList.eval(...) 方法中的判断与循环
+	 */
+	public Expr getActualExpr() {
+		if (exprArray.length == 1) {
+			return exprArray[0];
+		} else if (exprArray.length == 0) {
+			return NULL_EXPR;
+		} else {
+			return this;
+		}
+	}
+	
 	public Expr[] getExprArray() {
 		return exprArray;
 	}
@@ -54,6 +71,14 @@ public class ExprList extends Expr {
 		return exprArray[index];
 	}
 	
+	public Expr getFirstExpr() {
+		return exprArray.length > 0 ? exprArray[0] : null;
+	}
+	
+	public Expr getLastExpr() {
+		return exprArray.length > 0 ? exprArray[exprArray.length - 1] : null;
+	}
+	
 	public int length() {
 		return exprArray.length;
 	}
@@ -62,11 +87,20 @@ public class ExprList extends Expr {
 	 * 对所有表达式求值，只返回最后一个表达式的值
 	 */
 	public Object eval(Scope scope) {
-		Object ret = null;
-		for (Expr expr : exprArray) {
-			ret = expr.eval(scope);
+		// 优化：绝大多数情况下 length 等于 1
+		if (exprArray.length == 1) {
+			return exprArray[0].eval(scope);
 		}
-		return ret;
+		
+		if (exprArray.length == 0) {
+			return null;
+		}
+		
+		int end = exprArray.length - 1;
+		for (int i=0; i<end; i++) {
+			exprArray[i].eval(scope);
+		}
+		return exprArray[end].eval(scope);
 	}
 	
 	/**
@@ -87,3 +121,4 @@ public class ExprList extends Expr {
 
 
 
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/FastFieldGetter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+package com.jfinal.template.expr.ast;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import com.jfinal.kit.StrKit;
+import com.jfinal.proxy.ProxyClassLoader;
+
+/**
+ * 使用 jfinal proxy 机制消除 java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(...)
+ * 提升性能，并且同时支持动态类型的 field 表达式取值
+ */
+public class FastFieldGetter extends FieldGetter {
+	
+	protected static ProxyGenerator generator = new ProxyGenerator();
+	protected static ProxyCompiler compiler = new ProxyCompiler();
+	protected static ProxyClassLoader classLoader = new ProxyClassLoader();
+	protected static Map<Class<?>, Proxy> cache = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(512, 0.25F);
+	
+	protected static boolean outputCompileError = false;
+	
+	protected Proxy proxy;
+	protected java.lang.reflect.Method getterMethod;
+	
+	public FastFieldGetter(Proxy proxy, java.lang.reflect.Method getterMethod) {
+		this.proxy = proxy;
+		this.getterMethod = getterMethod;
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 仅用于配置 Engine.addFieldGetter(0, new FastFieldGetter());
+	 */
+	public FastFieldGetter() {
+		this(null, null);
+	}
+	
+	public FieldGetter takeOver(Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
+		if (MethodKit.isForbiddenClass(targetClass)) {
+			throw new RuntimeException("Forbidden class: " + targetClass.getName());
+		}
+		
+		String getterName = "get" + StrKit.firstCharToUpperCase(fieldName);
+		java.lang.reflect.Method[] methodArray = targetClass.getMethods();
+		for (java.lang.reflect.Method method : methodArray) {
+			if (method.getName().equals(getterName) && method.getParameterCount() == 0) {
+				
+				Proxy proxy = cache.get(targetClass);
+				if (proxy == null) {
+					synchronized (targetClass) {
+						proxy = cache.get(targetClass);
+						if (proxy == null) {	
+							try {
+								proxy = createProxy(targetClass, fieldName);
+							} catch (Throwable e) {
+								return null;
+							}
+							cache.putIfAbsent(targetClass, proxy);
+						}
+					}
+				}
+				
+				return new FastFieldGetter(proxy, method);
+			}
+		}
+		
+		return null;
+	}
+	
+	public Object get(Object target, String fieldName) throws Exception {
+		// return getterMethod.invoke(target, ExprList.NULL_OBJECT_ARRAY);
+		return proxy.getValue(target, fieldName);
+	}
+	
+	protected Proxy createProxy(Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
+		ProxyClass proxyClass = new ProxyClass(targetClass);
+		String sourceCode = generator.generate(proxyClass);
+		// System.out.println(sourceCode);
+		
+		proxyClass.setSourceCode(sourceCode);
+		compiler.compile(proxyClass);
+		Class<?> retClass = classLoader.loadProxyClass(proxyClass);
+		proxyClass.setClazz(retClass);
+		try {
+			return (Proxy)retClass.newInstance();
+		} catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
+			throw new RuntimeException(e);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public String toString() {
+		return getterMethod.toString();
+	}
+	
+	// ---------
+	
+	/**
+	 * 代理接口
+	 */
+	public static interface Proxy {
+		public Object getValue(Object target, String fieldName);
+	}
+	
+	// ---------
+	
+	/**
+	 * 代理类
+	 */
+	static class ProxyClass extends com.jfinal.proxy.ProxyClass {
+		
+		private String name;		// 类名
+		
+		public ProxyClass(Class<?> target) {
+			super(target);
+			
+			name = target.getSimpleName() + "$$EnhancerByJFinal_FieldGetter";
+		}
+		
+		public String getName() {
+			return name;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	// ---------
+	
+	/**
+	 * 代理生成器
+	 */
+	static class ProxyGenerator {
+		
+		String generate(ProxyClass proxyClass) {
+			StringBuilder ret = new StringBuilder(1024);
+			
+			Class<?> targetClass = proxyClass.getTarget();
+			String className = proxyClass.getName();
+			
+			ret.append("package ").append(proxyClass.getPkg()).append(";\n\n");
+			ret.append("import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.FastFieldGetter.Proxy;\n\n");
+			ret.append("public class ").append(className).append(" implements Proxy {\n\n");
+			ret.append("\tpublic Object getValue(Object target, String fieldName) {\n");
+			ret.append("\t\tint hash = fieldName.hashCode();\n");
+			ret.append("\t\tswitch (hash) {\n");
+			
+			java.lang.reflect.Method[] methodArray = targetClass.getMethods();
+			for (java.lang.reflect.Method method : methodArray) {
+				String mn = method.getName();
+				if (method.getParameterCount() == 0 && mn.startsWith("get") && (!mn.equals("getClass"))) {
+					String fieldName = StrKit.firstCharToLowerCase(mn.substring(3));
+					ret.append("\t\tcase ").append(fieldName.hashCode()).append(" :\n");
+					ret.append("\t\t\treturn ((").append(targetClass.getName()).append(")target).").append(mn).append("();\n");
+				}
+			}
+			
+			ret.append("\t\tdefault :\n");
+			ret.append("\t\t\tthrow new RuntimeException(\"Can not access the field \\\"\" + target.getClass().getName() + \".\" + fieldName + \"\\\"\");\n");
+			
+			ret.append("\t\t}\n");
+			ret.append("\t}\n");
+			ret.append("}\n");
+			
+			return ret.toString();
+		}	
+	}
+	
+	// ---------
+	
+	public static void setOutputCompileError(boolean outputCompileError) {
+		FastFieldGetter.outputCompileError = outputCompileError;
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 代理编译器
+	 */
+	static class ProxyCompiler extends com.jfinal.proxy.ProxyCompiler {
+		@Override
+		protected void outputCompileError(Boolean result, javax.tools.DiagnosticCollector<javax.tools.JavaFileObject> collector) {
+			if (outputCompileError) {
+				super.outputCompileError(result, collector);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Field.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,10 +16,8 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.template.expr.ast;
 
-import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import com.jfinal.kit.HashKit;
 import com.jfinal.kit.StrKit;
-// import com.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Model;
-// import com.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Record;
 import com.jfinal.template.TemplateException;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Location;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParseException;
@@ -30,16 +28,17 @@ import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
  * 
  * field 表达式取值优先次序，以 user.name 为例
  * 1：假如 user.getName() 存在，则优先调用
- * 2：假如 user 为 Model 子类，则调用 user.get("name")
- * 3：假如 user 为 Record，则调用 user.get("name")
- * 4：假如 user 为 Map，则调用 user.get("name")
- * 5：假如 user 具有 public name 属性，则取 user.name 属性值
+ * 2：假如 user 具有 public name 属性，则取 user.name 属性值
+ * 3：假如 user 为 Model 子类，则调用 user.get("name")
+ * 4：假如 user 为 Record，则调用 user.get("name")
+ * 5：假如 user 为 Map，则调用 user.get("name")
  */
 public class Field extends Expr {
 	
 	private Expr expr;
 	private String fieldName;
 	private String getterName;
+	private long getterNameHash;
 	
 	public Field(Expr expr, String fieldName, Location location) {
 		if (expr == null) {
@@ -48,6 +47,8 @@ public class Field extends Expr {
 		this.expr = expr;
 		this.fieldName = fieldName;
 		this.getterName = "get" + StrKit.firstCharToUpperCase(fieldName);
+		// fnv1a64 hash 到比 String.hashCode() 更大的 long 值范围
+		this.getterNameHash = HashKit.fnv1a64(getterName);
 		this.location = location;
 	}
 	
@@ -64,54 +65,34 @@ public class Field extends Expr {
 			throw new TemplateException("Can not accessed by \"" + fieldName + "\" field from null target", location);
 		}
 		
-		Class<?> targetClass = target.getClass();
-		String key = FieldKit.getFieldKey(targetClass, getterName);
-		MethodInfo getter;
+		
 		try {
-			getter = MethodKit.getGetterMethod(key, targetClass, getterName);
+			Class<?> targetClass = target.getClass();
+			Object key = FieldKeyBuilder.instance.getFieldKey(targetClass, getterNameHash);
+			FieldGetter fieldGetter = FieldKit.getFieldGetter(key, targetClass, fieldName);
+			if (fieldGetter.notNull()) {
+				return fieldGetter.get(target, fieldName);
+			}
+		} catch (TemplateException | ParseException e) {
+			throw e;
 		} catch (Exception e) {
 			throw new TemplateException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
 		}
 		
-		try {
-			if (getter != null) {
-				return getter.invoke(target, ExprList.NULL_OBJECT_ARRAY);
-			}
-//			if (target instanceof Model) {
-//				return ((Model<?>)target).get(fieldName);
-//			}
-//			if (target instanceof Record) {
-//				return ((Record)target).get(fieldName);
-//			}
-			if (target instanceof java.util.Map) {
-				return ((java.util.Map<?, ?>)target).get(fieldName);
-			}
-			// if (target instanceof com.jfinal.kit.Ret) {
-				// return ((com.jfinal.kit.Ret)target).get(fieldName);
-			// }
-			java.lang.reflect.Field field = FieldKit.getField(key, targetClass, fieldName);
-			if (field != null) {
-				return field.get(target);
-			}
-			
-			// 支持获取数组长度： array.length
-			if ("length".equals(fieldName) && target.getClass().isArray()) {
-				return Array.getLength(target);
-			}
-		} catch (Exception e) {
-			throw new TemplateException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
-		}
 		
 		if (scope.getCtrl().isNullSafe()) {
 			return null;
 		}
-		
 		if (expr instanceof Id) {
 			String id = ((Id)expr).getId();
-			throw new TemplateException("Field not found: \"" + id + "." + fieldName + "\" and getter method not found: \"" + id + "." + getterName + "()\"", location);
+			throw new TemplateException("public field not found: \"" + id + "." + fieldName + "\" and public getter method not found: \"" + id + "." + getterName + "()\"", location);
 		}
-		throw new TemplateException("Field not found: \"" + fieldName + "\" and getter method not found: \"" + getterName + "()\"", location);
+		throw new TemplateException("public field not found: \"" + fieldName + "\" and public getter method not found: \"" + getterName + "()\"", location);
 	}
+	
+	// private Long buildFieldKey(Class<?> targetClass) {
+		// return targetClass.getName().hashCode() ^ getterNameHash;
+	// }
 }
 
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/FieldGetter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.expr.ast;
+
+/**
+ * FieldGetter 用于支持 target.field 表达式的取值，
+ * 以及支持用户扩展自定义的 FieldGetter 实现方式
+ */
+public abstract class FieldGetter {
+	
+	/**
+	 * 接管 target.fieldName 表达式，如果可以接管则返回接管对象，否则返回 null
+	 * @param targetClass target.fieldName 表达式中 target 的 Class 类型
+	 * @param fieldName target.fieldName 表达式中的 fieldName 部分
+	 * @return 如果可以接管 targetClass.fieldName 则返回接管对象，否则返回 null
+	 */
+	public abstract FieldGetter takeOver(Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName);
+	
+	/**
+	 * 获取 target.fieldName 表达式的值
+	 * @param target 目标对象
+	 * @param fieldName 字段名称
+	 * @return target.fieldName 表达式的值
+	 */
+	public abstract Object get(Object target, String fieldName) throws Exception;
+	
+	/**
+	 * 仅仅 NullFieldGetter 会覆盖此方法并返回 false
+	 * 
+	 * 用于消除 FieldKit.getFieldGetter(...) 中的 instanceof 判断，
+	 * 并且让 Map fieldGetterCache 的 value 值不必使用 Object 类型，
+	 * 还消除了 Field.exec(...) 中的 null 值判断
+	 */
+	public boolean notNull() {
+		return true;
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/FieldGetters.java

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.expr.ast;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import com.jfinal.kit.StrKit;
+
+/**
+ * FieldGetters 封装官方默认 FieldGetter 实现
+ */
+public class FieldGetters {
+	
+	/**
+	 * NullFieldGetter
+	 * 
+	 * 用于消除 FieldKit.getFieldGetter(...) 中的 instanceof 判断，并且让 Map fieldGetterCache
+	 * 中的 value 不必使用 Object 类型。还消除了 Field.exec(...) 中的 null 值判断
+	 */
+	public static class NullFieldGetter extends FieldGetter {
+		
+		public static final NullFieldGetter me = new NullFieldGetter();
+		
+		public boolean notNull() {
+			return false;
+		}
+		
+		public FieldGetter takeOver(Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
+			throw new RuntimeException("The method takeOver(Class, String) of NullFieldGetter should not be invoked");
+		}
+		
+		public Object get(Object target, String fieldName) throws Exception {
+			throw new RuntimeException("The method get(Object, String) of NullFieldGetter should not be invoked");
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * GetterMethodFieldGetter
+	 * 
+	 * 使用 getter 方法获取 target.field 表达式的值
+	 */
+	public static class GetterMethodFieldGetter extends FieldGetter {
+		
+		protected java.lang.reflect.Method getterMethod;
+		
+		public GetterMethodFieldGetter(java.lang.reflect.Method getterMethod) {
+			this.getterMethod = getterMethod;
+		}
+		
+		public FieldGetter takeOver(Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
+			if (MethodKit.isForbiddenClass(targetClass)) {
+				throw new RuntimeException("Forbidden class: " + targetClass.getName());
+			}
+			
+			String getterName = "get" + StrKit.firstCharToUpperCase(fieldName);
+			java.lang.reflect.Method[] methodArray = targetClass.getMethods();
+			for (java.lang.reflect.Method method : methodArray) {
+				if (method.getName().equals(getterName) && method.getParameterCount() == 0) {
+					// if (MethodKit.isForbiddenMethod(getterName)) {
+						// throw new RuntimeException("Forbidden method: " + getterName);
+					// }
+					
+					return new GetterMethodFieldGetter(method);
+				}
+			}
+			
+			return null;
+		}
+		
+		public Object get(Object target, String fieldName) throws Exception {
+			return getterMethod.invoke(target, ExprList.NULL_OBJECT_ARRAY);
+		}
+		
+		public String toString() {
+			return getterMethod.toString();
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * IsMethodFieldGetter
+	 * 
+	 * 使用 target.isXxx() 方法获取值，默认不启用该功能，用户可以通过如下方式启用：
+	 * Engine.addLastFieldGetter(new FieldGetters.IsMethodFieldGetter());
+	 */
+	public static class IsMethodFieldGetter extends FieldGetter {
+		
+		protected java.lang.reflect.Method isMethod;
+		
+		// 此构造方法仅为了方便在 Engine.addFieldGetter(...) 添加时不用为构造方法传参
+		public IsMethodFieldGetter() {
+		}
+		
+		public IsMethodFieldGetter(java.lang.reflect.Method isMethod) {
+			this.isMethod = isMethod;
+		}
+		
+		public FieldGetter takeOver(Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
+			if (MethodKit.isForbiddenClass(targetClass)) {
+				throw new RuntimeException("Forbidden class: " + targetClass.getName());
+			}
+			
+			String isMethodName = "is" + StrKit.firstCharToUpperCase(fieldName);
+			java.lang.reflect.Method[] methodArray = targetClass.getMethods();
+			for (java.lang.reflect.Method method : methodArray) {
+				if (method.getName().equals(isMethodName) && method.getParameterCount() == 0) {
+					Class<?> returnType = method.getReturnType();
+					if (returnType == Boolean.class || returnType == boolean.class) {
+						return new IsMethodFieldGetter(method);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			
+			return null;
+		}
+		
+		public Object get(Object target, String fieldName) throws Exception {
+			return isMethod.invoke(target, ExprList.NULL_OBJECT_ARRAY);
+		}
+		
+		public String toString() {
+			return isMethod.toString();
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * ModelFieldGetter
+	 * 
+	 * 使用 Model.get(String) 获取值
+	
+	public static class ModelFieldGetter extends FieldGetter {
+		
+		// 所有 Model 可以共享 ModelFieldGetter 获取属性
+		static final ModelFieldGetter singleton = new ModelFieldGetter();
+		
+		public FieldGetter takeOver(Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
+			if (com.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Model.class.isAssignableFrom(targetClass)) {
+				return singleton;
+			} else {
+				return null;
+			}
+		}
+		
+		public Object get(Object target, String fieldName) throws Exception {
+			return ((com.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Model<?>)target).get(fieldName);
+		}
+	} */
+	
+	/**
+	 * RecordFieldGetter
+	 * 
+	 * 使用 Record.get(String) 获取值
+	
+	public static class RecordFieldGetter extends FieldGetter {
+		
+		// 所有 Record 可以共享 RecordFieldGetter 获取属性
+		static final RecordFieldGetter singleton = new RecordFieldGetter();
+		
+		public FieldGetter takeOver(Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
+			if (com.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Record.class.isAssignableFrom(targetClass)) {
+				return singleton;
+			} else {
+				return null;
+			}
+		}
+		
+		public Object get(Object target, String fieldName) throws Exception {
+			return ((com.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Record)target).get(fieldName);
+		}
+	} */
+	
+	/**
+	 * MapFieldGetter
+	 * 
+	 * 使用 Map.get(Object) 获取值
+	 */
+	public static class MapFieldGetter extends FieldGetter {
+		
+		// 所有 Map 可以共享 MapFieldGetter 获取属性
+		static final MapFieldGetter singleton = new MapFieldGetter();
+		
+		public FieldGetter takeOver(Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
+			if (java.util.Map.class.isAssignableFrom(targetClass)) {
+				return singleton;
+			} else {
+				return null;
+			}
+		}
+		
+		public Object get(Object target, String fieldName) throws Exception {
+			return ((java.util.Map<?, ?>)target).get(fieldName);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * RealFieldGetter
+	 * 
+	 * 使用 target.field 获取值
+	 */
+	public static class RealFieldGetter extends FieldGetter {
+		
+		protected java.lang.reflect.Field field;
+		
+		public RealFieldGetter(java.lang.reflect.Field field) {
+			this.field = field;
+		}
+		
+		public FieldGetter takeOver(Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
+			java.lang.reflect.Field[] fieldArray = targetClass.getFields();
+			for (java.lang.reflect.Field field : fieldArray) {
+				if (field.getName().equals(fieldName)) {
+					return new RealFieldGetter(field);
+				}
+			}
+			
+			return null;
+		}
+		
+		public Object get(Object target, String fieldName) throws Exception {
+			return field.get(target);
+		}
+		
+		public String toString() {
+			return field.toString();
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * ArrayLengthGetter
+	 * 
+	 * 获取数组长度： array.length
+	 */
+	public static class ArrayLengthGetter extends FieldGetter {
+		
+		// 所有数组可以共享 ArrayLengthGetter 获取属性
+		static final ArrayLengthGetter singleton = new ArrayLengthGetter();
+		
+		public FieldGetter takeOver(Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
+			if ("length".equals(fieldName) && targetClass.isArray()) {
+				return singleton;
+			} else {
+				return null;
+			}
+		}
+		
+		public Object get(Object target, String fieldName) throws Exception {
+			return Array.getLength(target);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/FieldKeyBuilder.java

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.expr.ast;
+
+/**
+ * FieldKeyBuilder
+ * 
+ * 用于生成缓存 FieldGetter 的 key
+ */
+public abstract class FieldKeyBuilder {
+	
+	public abstract Object getFieldKey(Class<?> targetClass, long fieldFnv1a64Hash);
+	
+	// 假定是超大规模项目，并且假定其 Map/Model/Record + field 组合数量超级庞大，默认使用 StrictFieldKeyBuilder
+	static FieldKeyBuilder instance = new StrictFieldKeyBuilder();
+	
+	public static FieldKeyBuilder getInstance() {
+		return instance;
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 开启 FastFieldKeyBuilder，性能更高
+	 */
+	public static void setFastFieldKeyBuilder(boolean enable) {
+		if (enable) {
+			instance = new FastFieldKeyBuilder();
+		} else {
+			instance = new StrictFieldKeyBuilder();
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 设置为自定义 FieldKeyBuilder
+	 */
+	public static void setFieldKeyBuilder(FieldKeyBuilder fieldKeyBuilder) {
+		if (fieldKeyBuilder == null) {
+			throw new IllegalArgumentException("fieldKeyBuilder can not be null");
+		}
+		instance = fieldKeyBuilder;
+	}
+	
+	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	
+	/**
+	 * FastFieldKeyBuilder
+	 */
+	public static class FastFieldKeyBuilder extends FieldKeyBuilder {
+		public Object getFieldKey(Class<?> targetClass, long fieldFnv1a64Hash) {
+			return targetClass.getName().hashCode() ^ fieldFnv1a64Hash;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	
+	/**
+	 * StrictFieldKeyBuilder
+	 */
+	public static class StrictFieldKeyBuilder extends FieldKeyBuilder {
+		public Object getFieldKey(Class<?> targetClass, long fieldFnv1a64Hash) {
+			return new FieldKey(targetClass.getName().hashCode(), fieldFnv1a64Hash);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	
+	/**
+	 * FieldKey
+	 * 
+	 * FieldKey 用于封装 targetClass、fieldName 这两部分的 hash 值，
+	 * 确保不会出现 key 值碰撞
+	 * 
+	 * 这两部分 hash 值在不同 class 与 field 的组合下出现碰撞的
+	 * 概率完全可以忽略不计
+	 * 
+	 * 备忘：
+	 * 可以考虑用 ThreadLocal 重用 FieldKey 对象，但要注意放入 Map fieldGetterCache
+	 * 中的 FieldKey 对象需要 clone 出来，确保线程安全。由于 FieldKey 占用空间不大，
+	 * 所以 ThreadLocal 方案大概率并无优势，从 ThreadLocal 中获取数据时，除了耗时也无法
+	 * 避免创建对象
+	 */
+	public static class FieldKey {
+		
+		final long classHash;
+		final long fieldHash;
+		
+		public FieldKey(long classHash, long fieldHash) {
+			this.classHash = classHash;
+			this.fieldHash = fieldHash;
+		}
+		
+		public int hashCode() {
+			return (int)(classHash ^ fieldHash);
+		}
+		
+		/**
+		 * FieldKey 的核心价值在于此 equals 方法通过比较两部分 hash 值，避免超大规模场景下可能的 key 值碰撞
+		 * 
+		 * 不必判断 if (fieldKey instanceof FieldKey)，因为所有 key 类型必须要相同
+		 * 不必判断 if (this == fieldKey)，因为每次用于取值的 FieldKey 都是新建的
+		 */
+		public boolean equals(Object fieldKey) {
+			FieldKey fk = (FieldKey)fieldKey;
+			return classHash == fk.classHash && fieldHash == fk.fieldHash;
+		}
+		
+		public String toString() {
+			return "classHash = " + classHash + "\nfieldHash = " + fieldHash;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/FieldKit.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,50 +16,166 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.template.expr.ast;
 
-import java.lang.reflect.Field;
-import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import com.jfinal.kit.SyncWriteMap;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.FieldGetters.*;
 
 /**
  * FieldKit
  */
 public class FieldKit {
 	
-	private static final ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object> fieldCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object>();
+	private static FieldGetter[] getters = init();
 	
-	public static Field getField(String key, Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
-		Object field = fieldCache.get(key);
-		if (field == null) {
-			field = doGetField(targetClass, fieldName);
-			if (field != null) {
-				fieldCache.putIfAbsent(key, field);
-			} else {
-				// 对于不存在的 Field，只进行一次获取操作，主要为了支持 null safe，未来需要考虑内存泄漏风险
-				fieldCache.put(key, Boolean.FALSE);
-			}
-		}
-		return field instanceof Field ? (Field)field : null;
+	private static final HashMap<Object, FieldGetter> fieldGetterCache = new SyncWriteMap<Object, FieldGetter>(1024, 0.25F);
+	
+	/**
+	 * 初始化官方默认 FieldGetter
+	 * 
+	 * 注意：
+	 * 默认不启用 IsMethodFieldGetter，用户可以通过下面的代码启用：
+	 * Engine.addLastFieldGetter(new FieldGetters.IsMethodFieldGetter());
+	 * 
+	 * 也可以通过直接调用 target.isXxx() 方法来达到与 target.xxx 表达式相同的目的
+	 */
+	private static FieldGetter[] init() {
+		LinkedList<FieldGetter> ret = new LinkedList<FieldGetter>();
+		
+		ret.addLast(new GetterMethodFieldGetter(null));
+		ret.addLast(new RealFieldGetter(null));
+		// ret.addLast(new ModelFieldGetter());
+		// ret.addLast(new RecordFieldGetter());
+		ret.addLast(new MapFieldGetter());
+		
+		// 挪到第二的位置，addSharedObject(..., modelObj) 用法可以获取到 model 中的 public 属性
+		// ret.addLast(new RealFieldGetter(null));
+		ret.addLast(new ArrayLengthGetter());
+		// ret.addLast(new IsMethodFieldGetter());
+		
+		return ret.toArray(new FieldGetter[ret.size()]);
 	}
 	
-	private static Field doGetField(Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
-		Field[] fs = targetClass.getFields();
-		for (Field f : fs) {
-			if (f.getName().equals(fieldName)) {
-				return f;
+	public static FieldGetter getFieldGetter(Object key, Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
+		FieldGetter fieldGetter = fieldGetterCache.get(key);
+		if (fieldGetter == null) {
+			fieldGetter = doGetFieldGetter(targetClass, fieldName);	// 已确保不会返回 null
+			fieldGetterCache.putIfAbsent(key, fieldGetter);
+		}
+		return fieldGetter;
+	}
+	
+	private static FieldGetter doGetFieldGetter(Class<?> targetClass, String fieldName) {
+		FieldGetter ret;
+		for (FieldGetter fieldGetter : getters) {
+			ret = fieldGetter.takeOver(targetClass, fieldName);
+			if (ret != null) {
+				return ret;
 			}
 		}
-		return null;
+		return NullFieldGetter.me;
+	}
+	
+	public static void addFieldGetter(int index, FieldGetter fieldGetter) {
+		addFieldGetter(fieldGetter, index, true);
+	}
+	
+	public static void addFieldGetterToLast(FieldGetter fieldGetter) {
+		addFieldGetter(fieldGetter, null, true);
+	}
+	
+	public static void addFieldGetterToFirst(FieldGetter fieldGetter) {
+		addFieldGetter(fieldGetter, null, false);
+	}
+	
+	// 当 Integer index 不为 null 时，boolean addLast 为无效参数
+	private static synchronized void addFieldGetter(FieldGetter fieldGetter, Integer index, boolean addLast) {
+		checkParameter(fieldGetter);
+		
+		LinkedList<FieldGetter> ret = getCurrentFieldGetters();
+		if (index != null) {
+			ret.add(index, fieldGetter);
+		} else {
+			if (addLast) {
+				ret.addLast(fieldGetter);
+			} else {
+				ret.addFirst(fieldGetter);
+			}
+		}
+		getters = ret.toArray(new FieldGetter[ret.size()]);
+	}
+	
+	private static LinkedList<FieldGetter> getCurrentFieldGetters() {
+		LinkedList<FieldGetter> ret = new LinkedList<FieldGetter>();
+		for (FieldGetter fieldGetter : getters) {
+			ret.add(fieldGetter);
+		}
+		return ret;
+	}
+	
+	private static void checkParameter(FieldGetter fieldGetter) {
+		if (fieldGetter == null) {
+			throw new IllegalArgumentException("The parameter fieldGetter can not be null");
+		}
+		for (FieldGetter fg : getters) {
+			if (fg.getClass() == fieldGetter.getClass()) {
+				throw new RuntimeException("FieldGetter already exists : " + fieldGetter.getClass().getName());
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public static synchronized void removeFieldGetter(Class<? extends FieldGetter> fieldGetterClass) {
+		LinkedList<FieldGetter> ret = getCurrentFieldGetters();
+		
+		for (Iterator<FieldGetter> it = ret.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
+			if (it.next().getClass() == fieldGetterClass) {
+				it.remove();
+			}
+		}
+		
+		getters = ret.toArray(new FieldGetter[ret.size()]);
+	}
+	
+	public static void clearCache() {
+		fieldGetterCache.clear();
 	}
 	
 	/**
-	 * 获取 Field 用于缓存的 key
+	 * 设置极速模式
+	 * 
+	 * 极速模式将生成代理对象来消除 java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(...) 调用，
+	 * 性能提升 12.9%
 	 */
-	public static String getFieldKey(Class<?> targetClass, String getterName) {
-        return new StringBuilder(64).append(targetClass.getName())
-        		.append('.').append(getterName).toString();
-    }
+	public static synchronized void setFastMode(boolean fastMode) {
+		if (fastMode) {
+			if ( !contains(FastFieldGetter.class) ) {
+				addFieldGetterToFirst(new FastFieldGetter());
+			}
+		} else {
+			if (contains(FastFieldGetter.class)) {
+				removeFieldGetter(FastFieldGetter.class);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 判断是否包含某个 FieldGetter
+	 */
+	public static boolean contains(Class<? extends FieldGetter> fieldGetterClass) {
+		for (FieldGetter fg : getters) {
+			if (fg.getClass() == fieldGetterClass) {
+				return true;
+			}
+		}
+		return false;
+	}
 }
 
 
 
 
 
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/ForCtrl.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -58,10 +58,10 @@ public class ForCtrl extends Expr {
 	/**
 	 * exprList? ';' expr? ';' exprList?
 	 */
-	public ForCtrl(Expr init, Expr cond, Expr update, Location location) {
-		this.init = init;
+	public ForCtrl(ExprList init, Expr cond, ExprList update, Location location) {
+		this.init = init.getActualExpr();
 		this.cond = cond;
-		this.update = update;
+		this.update = update.getActualExpr();
 		this.id = null;
 		this.expr = null;
 		this.location = location;

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Id.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
  */
 public class Id extends Expr {
 	
-	private String id;
+	private final String id;
 	
 	public Id(String id) {
 		this.id = id;

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/IncDec.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Index.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ public class Index extends Expr {
 	
 	@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
 	public Object eval(Scope scope) {
-		Object array = expr.eval(scope);
-		if (array == null) {
+		Object target = expr.eval(scope);
+		if (target == null) {
 			if (scope.getCtrl().isNullSafe()) {
 				return null;
 			}
@@ -56,25 +56,30 @@ public class Index extends Expr {
 			if (scope.getCtrl().isNullSafe()) {
 				return null;
 			}
-			throw new TemplateException("The index of list/array and the key of map can not be null", location);
-		}
-		
-		if (array instanceof List) {
-			if (idx instanceof Integer) {
-				return ((List<?>)array).get((Integer)idx);
+			
+			if (target instanceof java.util.Map) {
+				// Map 的 key 可以是 null，不能抛异常
+			} else {
+				throw new TemplateException("The index of list and array can not be null", location);
 			}
-			throw new TemplateException("The index of list can only be integer", location);
 		}
 		
-		if (array instanceof java.util.Map) {
-			return ((java.util.Map)array).get(idx);
-		}
-		
-		if (array.getClass().isArray()) {
+		if (target instanceof List) {
 			if (idx instanceof Integer) {
-				return java.lang.reflect.Array.get(array, (Integer)idx);
+				return ((List<?>)target).get((Integer)idx);
 			}
-			throw new TemplateException("The index of array can only be integer", location);
+			throw new TemplateException("The index of list must be integer", location);
+		}
+		
+		if (target instanceof java.util.Map) {
+			return ((java.util.Map)target).get(idx);
+		}
+		
+		if (target.getClass().isArray()) {
+			if (idx instanceof Integer) {
+				return java.lang.reflect.Array.get(target, (Integer)idx);
+			}
+			throw new TemplateException("The index of array must be integer", location);
 		}
 		
 		throw new TemplateException("Only the list array and map is supported by index access", location);

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Logic.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,10 +16,6 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.template.expr.ast;
 
-import java.lang.reflect.Array;
-import java.util.Collection;
-import java.util.Iterator;
-import java.util.Map;
 import com.jfinal.template.TemplateException;
 import com.jfinal.template.expr.Sym;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Location;
@@ -95,44 +91,22 @@ public class Logic extends Expr {
 	 * 规则：
 	 * 1：null 返回 false
 	 * 2：boolean 类型，原值返回
-	 * 3：Map、Connection(List被包括在内) 返回 size() > 0
-	 * 4：数组，返回 length > 0
-	 * 5：String、StringBuilder、StringBuffer 等继承自 CharSequence 类的对象，返回 length > 0
-	 * 6：Number 类型，返回 value != 0
-	 * 7：Iterator 返回 hasNext() 值
-	 * 8：其它返回 true
+	 * 3：String、StringBuilder 等一切继承自 CharSequence 类的对象，返回 length > 0
+	 * 4：其它返回 true
 	 */
 	public static boolean isTrue(Object v) {
 		if (v == null) {
 			return false;
 		}
+		
 		if (v instanceof Boolean) {
 			return (Boolean)v;
 		}
-		if (v instanceof Collection) {
-			return ((Collection<?>)v).size() > 0;
-		}
-		if (v instanceof Map) {
-			return ((Map<?, ?>)v).size() > 0;
-		}
-		if (v.getClass().isArray()) {
-			return Array.getLength(v) > 0;
-		}
+		
 		if (v instanceof CharSequence) {
 			return ((CharSequence)v).length() > 0;
 		}
-		if (v instanceof Number) {
-			if (v instanceof Double) {
-				return ((Number)v).doubleValue() != 0;
-			}
-			if (v instanceof Float) {
-				return ((Number)v).floatValue() != 0;
-			}
-			return ((Number)v).intValue() != 0;
-		}
-		if (v instanceof Iterator) {
-			return ((Iterator<?>)v).hasNext();
-		}
+		
 		return true;
 	}
 	

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Map.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -24,8 +24,10 @@ import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
  * Map
  * 
  * 1：定义 map 常量
- *   {k1:123, k2:"abc", 'k3':true, "k4":[1,2,3], k5:1+2}
- *   如上所示，map定义的 key 可以为 String 或者 id 标识符，而右侧的 value 可以是任意的常量与表达式
+ *   {k1:123, k2:"abc", 'k3':true, "k4":[1,2,3], k5:1+2, 1:12, true:"Y", null:"abc"}
+ *   如上所示，map定义的 key 可以为 id 标识符或者 String、Integer、Long、Boolean、null
+ *   等常量值 (详见 ExprParser.buildMapEntry(...) 方法)，
+ *   右侧的 value 可以是任意的常量与表达式
  * 
  * 2：取值
  *   先将 Map 常量赋值给某个变量： #set(map = {...})
@@ -34,6 +36,10 @@ import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
  *   map[expr]
  *   map.get("k1")
  *   map.k1
+ * 
+ * 3：不通过中间变量取值
+ *   {1:'自买', 2:'跟买'}.get(1)
+ *   {1:'自买', 2:'跟买'}[2]
  *   
  *   如上所示，当以下标方式取值时，下标参数可以是 string 与  expr，而 expr 求值以后的值必须也为 string类型
  *   当用 map.k1 这类 field 字段取值形式时，则是使用 id 标识符，而不是 string 形参数

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Method.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -24,6 +24,17 @@ import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
 
 /**
  * Method : expr '.' ID '(' exprList? ')'
+ * 
+ * 每次通过 MethodKit.getMethod(...) 取 MethodInfo 而不是用属性持有其对象
+ * 是为了支持 target 对象的动态类型，MethodInfo 中的 Method 被调用 15 次以后
+ * 会被 JDK 动态生成 GeneratedAccessorXXX 字节码，性能不是问题
+ * 唯一的性能损耗是从 HashMap 中获取 MethodInfo 对象，可以忽略不计
+ * 
+ * 如果在未来通过结合 #dynamic(boolean) 指令来优化，需要在 Ctrl 中引入一个
+ * boolean dynamic = false 变量，而不能在 Env、Scope 引入该变量
+ * 
+ * 还需要引入一个 NullMethodInfo 以及 notNull() 方法，此优化复杂度提高不少，
+ * 暂时不做此优化
  */
 public class Method extends Expr {
 	
@@ -65,28 +76,24 @@ public class Method extends Expr {
 		}
 		
 		Object[] argValues = exprList.evalExprList(scope);
-		MethodInfo methodInfo;
 		try {
-			methodInfo = MethodKit.getMethod(target.getClass(), methodName, argValues);
-		} catch (Exception e) {
-			throw new TemplateException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
-		}
-		if (methodInfo == null) {
+			
+			MethodInfo methodInfo = MethodKit.getMethod(target.getClass(), methodName, argValues);
+			if (methodInfo.notNull()) {
+				return methodInfo.invoke(target, argValues);
+			}
+			
 			if (scope.getCtrl().isNullSafe()) {
 				return null;
 			}
-			throw new TemplateException(buildMethodNotFoundSignature("Method not found: " + target.getClass().getName() + ".", methodName, argValues), location);
-		}
-		
-		try {
-			return methodInfo.invoke(target, argValues);
+			throw new TemplateException(buildMethodNotFoundSignature("public method not found: " + target.getClass().getName() + ".", methodName, argValues), location);
+			
+		} catch (TemplateException | ParseException e) {
+			throw e;
 		} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
 			Throwable t = e.getTargetException();
-			if (t != null) {
-				throw new TemplateException(t.getMessage(), location, t);
-			} else {
-				throw new TemplateException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
-			}
+			if (t == null) {t = e;}
+			throw new TemplateException(t.getMessage(), location, t);
 		} catch (Exception e) {
 			throw new TemplateException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
 		}

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/MethodInfo.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 package com.jfinal.template.expr.ast;
 
 import java.lang.reflect.Array;
-import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
 
@@ -26,14 +25,14 @@ import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
  */
 public class MethodInfo {
 	
-	protected final String key;
+	protected final Long key;
 	protected final Class<?> clazz;
 	protected final Method method;
 	
 	protected final boolean isVarArgs;
 	protected final Class<?>[] paraTypes;
 	
-	public MethodInfo(String key, Class<?> clazz, Method method) {
+	public MethodInfo(Long key, Class<?> clazz, Method method) {
 		this.key = key;
 		this.clazz = clazz;
 		this.method = method;
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ public class MethodInfo {
 		this.paraTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
 	}
 	
-	public Object invoke(Object target, Object... args) throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
+	public Object invoke(Object target, Object... args) throws ReflectiveOperationException {
 		if (isVarArgs) {
 			return invokeVarArgsMethod(target, args);
 		} else {
@@ -49,7 +48,7 @@ public class MethodInfo {
 		}
 	}
 	
-	protected Object invokeVarArgsMethod(Object target, Object[] argValues) throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
+	protected Object invokeVarArgsMethod(Object target, Object[] argValues) throws ReflectiveOperationException {
 		Object[] finalArgValues = new Object[paraTypes.length];
 		
 		int fixedParaLength = paraTypes.length - 1;
@@ -64,7 +63,7 @@ public class MethodInfo {
 		return method.invoke(target, finalArgValues);
 	}
 	
-	public String getKey() {
+	public Long getKey() {
 		return key;
 	}
 	
@@ -94,6 +93,29 @@ public class MethodInfo {
 		}
 		return ret.append(")").toString();
 	}
+	
+	// --------- 以下代码仅用于支持 NullMethodInfo
+	
+	/**
+	 * 仅供 NullMethodInfo 继承使用
+	 */
+	protected MethodInfo() {
+		this.key = null;
+		this.clazz = null;
+		this.method = null;
+		this.isVarArgs = false;
+		this.paraTypes = null;
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 仅仅 NullMethodInfo 会覆盖此方法并返回 false
+	 *
+	 * 1：MethodKit.getMethod(...) 消除 instanceof 判断
+	 * 2：Method.exec(...) 消除 null 值判断
+	 */
+	public boolean notNull() {
+		return true;
+	}
 }
 
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/MethodInfoExt.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.template.expr.ast;
 
-import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 
 /**
@@ -26,7 +25,7 @@ public class MethodInfoExt extends MethodInfo {
 	
 	protected Object objectOfExtensionClass;
 	
-	public MethodInfoExt(Object objectOfExtensionClass, String key, Class<?> clazz, Method method) {
+	public MethodInfoExt(Object objectOfExtensionClass, Long key, Class<?> clazz, Method method) {
 		super(key, clazz, method);
 		this.objectOfExtensionClass = objectOfExtensionClass;
 		
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ public class MethodInfoExt extends MethodInfo {
 		// this.paraTypes = newParaTypes;
 	}
 	
-	public Object invoke(Object target, Object... args) throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
+	public Object invoke(Object target, Object... args) throws ReflectiveOperationException {
 		Object[] finalArgs = new Object[args.length + 1];
 		finalArgs[0] = target;
 		

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/MethodKeyBuilder.java

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.expr.ast;
+
+import com.jfinal.kit.HashKit;
+
+/**
+ * MethodKeyBuilder
+ */
+public abstract class MethodKeyBuilder {
+	
+	/**
+	 * 生成指定 class、指定方法名、指定方法形参类型的 key 值，用于缓存
+	 */
+	public abstract Long getMethodKey(Class<?> targetClass, String methodName, Class<?>[] argTypes);
+	
+	// 默认使用 FastMethodKeyBuilder
+	static MethodKeyBuilder instance = new FastMethodKeyBuilder();
+	
+	public static MethodKeyBuilder getInstance() {
+		return instance;
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 切换到 StrictMethodKeyBuilder
+	 * 
+	 * <pre>
+	 * 特别注意：
+	 *   如果希望将 configEngine(Engine me) 中的 Engine 切换到 StrictMethodKeyBuilder，
+	 *   需要在 YourJFinalConfig extends JFinalConfig 中利用如下代码块才能生效：
+	 * 	  static {
+	 * 			MethodKeyBuilder.setToStrictMethodKeyBuilder();
+	 *    }
+	 * 
+	 *   原因是在 com.jfinal.core.Config 中 new Engine() 时 setToStrictMethodKeyBuilder()
+	 *   方法并未生效，所以 extension method 生成 method key 时仍然使用的是  FastMethodKeyBuilder
+	 *   以至于在运行时，使用 StrictMethodKeyBuilder 生成的 key 找不到 extension method
+	 *   
+	 *   后续版本考虑在调用 setToStrictMethodKeyBuilder() 以后重新初始化一下 MethodKit 中的变量
+	 *   原先的 static 初始化方式重构出 synchronized void init() 方法来方便调用
+	 * 
+	 * </pre>
+	 */
+	public static void setToStrictMethodKeyBuilder() {
+		instance = new StrictMethodKeyBuilder();
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 切换到用户自定义 MethodKeyBuilder
+	 */
+	public static void setMethodKeyBuilder(MethodKeyBuilder methodKeyBuilder) {
+		if (methodKeyBuilder == null) {
+			throw new IllegalArgumentException("methodKeyBuilder can not be null");
+		}
+		instance = methodKeyBuilder;
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * FastMethodKeyBuilder
+	 * 
+	 * targetClass、methodName、argTypes 的 hash 直接使用 String.hashCode()
+	 * String.hashCode() 会被缓存，性能更好
+	 */
+	public static class FastMethodKeyBuilder extends MethodKeyBuilder {
+		public Long getMethodKey(Class<?> targetClass, String methodName, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
+			long hash = HashKit.FNV_OFFSET_BASIS_64;
+			hash ^= targetClass.getName().hashCode();
+			hash *= HashKit.FNV_PRIME_64;
+			
+			hash ^= methodName.hashCode();
+			hash *= HashKit.FNV_PRIME_64;
+			
+			if (argTypes != null) {
+				for (int i=0; i<argTypes.length; i++) {
+					Class<?> type = argTypes[i];
+					if (type != null) {
+						hash ^= type.getName().hashCode();
+						hash *= HashKit.FNV_PRIME_64;
+					} else {
+						hash ^= "null".hashCode();
+						hash *= HashKit.FNV_PRIME_64;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			return hash;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * StrictMethodKeyBuilder
+	 * 
+	 * targetClass、methodName、argTypes 三部分全部使用 fnv1a64 算法计算 hash
+	 */
+	public static class StrictMethodKeyBuilder extends MethodKeyBuilder {
+		public Long getMethodKey(Class<?> targetClass, String methodName, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
+			long hash = HashKit.FNV_OFFSET_BASIS_64;
+			
+			hash = fnv1a64(hash, targetClass.getName());
+			hash = fnv1a64(hash, methodName);
+			if (argTypes != null) {
+				for (int i=0; i<argTypes.length; i++) {
+					Class<?> type = argTypes[i];
+					if (type != null) {
+						hash = fnv1a64(hash, type.getName());
+					} else {
+						hash = fnv1a64(hash, "null");
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			
+			return hash;
+		}
+		
+		private long fnv1a64(long offsetBasis, String key) {
+			long hash = offsetBasis;
+			for(int i=0, size=key.length(); i<size; i++) {
+				hash ^= key.charAt(i);
+				hash *= HashKit.FNV_PRIME_64;
+			}
+			return hash;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/MethodKit.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -22,9 +22,8 @@ import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
-import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
-import com.jfinal.kit.HashKit;
 import com.jfinal.kit.ReflectKit;
+import com.jfinal.kit.SyncWriteMap;
 import com.jfinal.template.ext.extensionmethod.ByteExt;
 import com.jfinal.template.ext.extensionmethod.DoubleExt;
 import com.jfinal.template.ext.extensionmethod.FloatExt;
@@ -39,17 +38,20 @@ import com.jfinal.template.ext.extensionmethod.StringExt;
 public class MethodKit {
 	
 	private static final Class<?>[] NULL_ARG_TYPES = new Class<?>[0];
-	private static final Set<String> forbiddenMethods = new HashSet<String>();
-	private static final Set<Class<?>> forbiddenClasses = new HashSet<Class<?>>();
-	private static final Map<Class<?>, Class<?>> primitiveMap = new HashMap<Class<?>, Class<?>>();
-	private static final ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object> methodCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object>();
+	private static final Set<String> forbiddenMethods = new HashSet<String>(64);
+	private static final Set<Class<?>> forbiddenClasses = new HashSet<Class<?>>(64);
+	private static final Map<Class<?>, Class<?>> primitiveMap = new HashMap<Class<?>, Class<?>>(64);
+	private static final SyncWriteMap<Long, MethodInfo> methodCache = new SyncWriteMap<Long, MethodInfo>(2048, 0.25F);
 	
 	// 初始化在模板中调用 method 时所在的被禁止使用类
 	static {
 		Class<?>[] cs = {
 			System.class, Runtime.class, Thread.class, Class.class, ClassLoader.class, File.class,
 			Compiler.class, InheritableThreadLocal.class, Package.class, Process.class,
-			RuntimePermission.class, SecurityManager.class, ThreadGroup.class, ThreadLocal.class
+			RuntimePermission.class, SecurityManager.class, ThreadGroup.class, ThreadLocal.class,
+			
+			java.lang.reflect.Method.class,
+			java.lang.reflect.Proxy.class
 		};
 		for (Class<?> c : cs) {
 			forbiddenClasses.add(c);
@@ -60,10 +62,10 @@ public class MethodKit {
 	static {
 		String[] ms = {
 			"getClass", "getDeclaringClass", "forName", "newInstance", "getClassLoader",
-			"getMethod", "getMethods", "getField", "getFields",
+			"invoke", // "getMethod", "getMethods", // "getField", "getFields",
 			"notify", "notifyAll", "wait",
-			"load", "exit", "loadLibrary", "halt",
-			"stop", "suspend", "resume", "setDaemon", "setPriority",
+			"exit", "loadLibrary", "halt", // "load",
+			"stop", "suspend", "resume" // "setDaemon", "setPriority"
 		};
 		for (String m : ms) {
 			forbiddenMethods.add(m);
@@ -95,6 +97,14 @@ public class MethodKit {
 		return forbiddenClasses.contains(clazz);
 	}
 	
+	public static void addForbiddenClass(Class<?> clazz) {
+		forbiddenClasses.add(clazz);
+	}
+	
+	public static void removeForbiddenClass(Class<?> clazz) {
+		forbiddenClasses.remove(clazz);
+	}
+	
 	public static boolean isForbiddenMethod(String methodName) {
 		return forbiddenMethods.contains(methodName);
 	}
@@ -103,37 +113,26 @@ public class MethodKit {
 		forbiddenMethods.add(methodName);
 	}
 	
-	public static MethodInfo getMethod(Class<?> targetClass, String methodName, Object[] argValues) {
-		Class<?>[] argTypes = getArgTypes(argValues);
-		String key = getMethodKey(targetClass, methodName, argTypes);
-		Object method = methodCache.get(key);
-		if (method == null) {
-			method = doGetMethod(key, targetClass, methodName, argTypes);
-			if (method != null) {
-				methodCache.putIfAbsent(key, method);
-			} else {
-				// 对于不存在的 Method，只进行一次获取操作，主要为了支持 null safe，未来需要考虑内存泄漏风险
-				methodCache.put(key, Boolean.FALSE);
-			}
-		}
-		return method instanceof MethodInfo ? (MethodInfo)method : null;
+	public static void removeForbiddenMethod(String methodName) {
+		forbiddenMethods.remove(methodName);
 	}
 	
-	/**
-	 * 获取 getter 方法
-	 * 使用与 Field 相同的 key，避免生成两次 key值
-	 */
-	public static MethodInfo getGetterMethod(String key, Class<?> targetClass, String methodName) {
-		Object getterMethod = methodCache.get(key);
-		if (getterMethod == null) {
-			getterMethod = doGetMethod(key, targetClass, methodName, NULL_ARG_TYPES);
-			if (getterMethod != null) {
-				methodCache.putIfAbsent(key, getterMethod);
-			} else {
-				methodCache.put(key, Boolean.FALSE);
-			}
+	public static void clearCache() {
+		methodCache.clear();
+	}
+	
+	public static MethodInfo getMethod(Class<?> targetClass, String methodName, Object[] argValues) {
+		Class<?>[] argTypes = getArgTypes(argValues);
+		Long key = getMethodKey(targetClass, methodName, argTypes);
+		MethodInfo method = methodCache.get(key);
+		if (method == null) {
+			// 已确保不会返回 null，对于不存在的 Method，只进行一次获取操作
+			// 提升 null safe 表达式性能，未来需要考虑内存泄漏风险
+			method = doGetMethod(key, targetClass, methodName, argTypes);
+			methodCache.putIfAbsent(key, method);
 		}
-		return getterMethod instanceof MethodInfo ? (MethodInfo)getterMethod : null;
+		
+		return method;
 	}
 	
 	static Class<?>[] getArgTypes(Object[] argValues) {
@@ -147,11 +146,13 @@ public class MethodKit {
 		return argTypes;
 	}
 	
-	private static MethodInfo doGetMethod(String key, Class<?> targetClass, String methodName, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
+	private static MethodInfo doGetMethod(Long key, Class<?> targetClass, String methodName, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
 		if (forbiddenClasses.contains(targetClass)) {
 			throw new RuntimeException("Forbidden class: " + targetClass.getName());
 		}
+		
 		// 仅开启 forbiddenClasses 检测
+		// Method、SharedMethod、StaticMethod 已用 MethodKit.isForbiddenMethod(...) 检测
 		// if (forbiddenMethods.contains(methodName)) {
 		// 	throw new RuntimeException("Forbidden method: " + methodName);
 		// }
@@ -168,7 +169,8 @@ public class MethodKit {
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		return null;
+		
+		return NullMethodInfo.me;
 	}
 	
 	static boolean matchFixedArgTypes(Class<?>[] paraTypes, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
@@ -229,23 +231,8 @@ public class MethodKit {
 	/**
 	 * 获取方法用于缓存的 key
 	 */
-	private static String getMethodKey(Class<?> targetClass, String methodName, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
-        StringBuilder key = new StringBuilder(96);
-        key.append(targetClass.getName());
-        key.append('.').append(methodName);
-        if (argTypes != null && argTypes.length > 0) {
-        	createArgTypesDigest(argTypes, key);
-		}
-        return key.toString();
-    }
-	
-	static void createArgTypesDigest(Class<?>[] argTypes, StringBuilder key) {
-		StringBuilder argTypesDigest = new StringBuilder(64);
-		for (int i=0; i<argTypes.length; i++) {
-            Class<?> type = argTypes[i];
-            argTypesDigest.append(type != null ? type.getName() : "null");
-        }
-		key.append(HashKit.md5(argTypesDigest.toString()));
+	private static Long getMethodKey(Class<?> targetClass, String methodName, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
+		return MethodKeyBuilder.instance.getMethodKey(targetClass, methodName, argTypes);
 	}
 	
 	// 以下代码实现 extension method 功能 --------------------
@@ -290,13 +277,13 @@ public class MethodKit {
 					throw new RuntimeException("Extension method \"" + methodName + "\" is already exists in class \"" + targetClass.getName() + "\"");
 				}
 			} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {		// Method 找不到才能添加该扩展方法
-				String key = MethodKit.getMethodKey(targetClass, methodName, toBoxedType(targetParaTypes));
+				Long key = MethodKit.getMethodKey(targetClass, methodName, toBoxedType(targetParaTypes));
 				if (methodCache.containsKey(key)) {
 					throw new RuntimeException(buildMethodSignatureForException("The extension method is already exists: " + extensionClass.getName() + ".", methodName, targetParaTypes));
 				}
 				
 				MethodInfoExt mie = new MethodInfoExt(objectOfExtensionClass, key, extensionClass/* targetClass */, method);
-				methodCache.put(key, mie);
+				methodCache.putIfAbsent(key, mie);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -319,12 +306,12 @@ public class MethodKit {
 			Class<?>[] targetParaTypes = new Class<?>[extensionMethodParaTypes.length - 1];
 			System.arraycopy(extensionMethodParaTypes, 1, targetParaTypes, 0, targetParaTypes.length);
 			
-			String key = MethodKit.getMethodKey(targetClass, methodName, toBoxedType(targetParaTypes));
+			Long key = MethodKit.getMethodKey(targetClass, methodName, toBoxedType(targetParaTypes));
 			methodCache.remove(key);
 		}
 	}
 	
-	private static final Map<Class<?>, Class<?>> primitiveToBoxedMap = new HashMap<Class<?>, Class<?>>();
+	private static final Map<Class<?>, Class<?>> primitiveToBoxedMap = new HashMap<Class<?>, Class<?>>(64);
 	
 	// 初始化 primitive type 到 boxed type 的映射
 	static {

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/NullExpr.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -14,21 +14,23 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.jfinal.template;
+package com.jfinal.template.expr.ast;
 
-import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.ExprList;
-import com.jfinal.template.stat.Location;
-import com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.Output;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
 
 /**
- * OutputDirectiveFactory
+ * NullExpr
  */
-public class OutputDirectiveFactory implements IOutputDirectiveFactory {
+public class NullExpr extends Expr {
 	
-	public static final OutputDirectiveFactory me = new OutputDirectiveFactory();
+	public static final NullExpr me = new NullExpr();
 	
-	public Output getOutputDirective(ExprList exprList, Location location) {
-		return new Output(exprList, location);
+	private NullExpr() {}
+	
+	public Object eval(Scope scope) {
+		return null;
 	}
 }
 
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/NullMethodInfo.java

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.expr.ast;
+
+/**
+ * NullMethodInfo
+ * 
+ * 1：MethodKit.getMethod(...) 消除 instanceof 判断
+ * 2：Method.exec(...) 消除 null 值判断
+ */
+public class NullMethodInfo extends MethodInfo {
+	
+	public static final NullMethodInfo me = new NullMethodInfo();
+	
+	public boolean notNull() {
+		return false;
+	}
+	
+	public Object invoke(Object target, Object... args) throws ReflectiveOperationException {
+		throw new RuntimeException("The method invoke(Object, Object...) of NullMethodInfo should not be invoked");
+	}
+}
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/NullSafe.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -49,15 +49,18 @@ public class NullSafe extends Expr {
 		Ctrl ctrl = scope.getCtrl();
 		boolean oldNullSafeValue = ctrl.isNullSafe();
 		
-		Object ret;
 		try {
 			ctrl.setNullSafe(true);
-			ret = left.eval(scope);
+			Object ret = left.eval(scope);
+			if (ret != null) {
+				return ret;
+			}
 		} finally {
 			ctrl.setNullSafe(oldNullSafeValue);
 		}
 		
-		return ret == null && right != null ? right.eval(scope) : ret;
+		// right 表达式处于 null safe 区域之外
+		return right != null ? right.eval(scope) : null;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -66,3 +69,4 @@ public class NullSafe extends Expr {
 
 
 
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/RangeArray.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/SharedMethod.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -26,9 +26,14 @@ import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
  * SharedMethod
  * 
  * 用法：
- * engine.addSharedMethod(object);
- * engine.addSharedStaticMethod(Xxx.class);
- * #(method(para))
+ * engine.addSharedMethod(new StrKit());
+ * engine.addSharedStaticMethod(MyKit.class);
+ * 
+ * #if (notBlank(para))
+ *     ....
+ * #end
+ * 
+ * 上面代码中的 notBlank 方法来自 StrKit
  */
 public class SharedMethod extends Expr {
 	
@@ -48,14 +53,18 @@ public class SharedMethod extends Expr {
 	
 	public Object eval(Scope scope) {
 		Object[] argValues = exprList.evalExprList(scope);
-		SharedMethodInfo sharedMethodInfo = sharedMethodKit.getSharedMethodInfo(methodName, argValues);
 		
-		// ShareMethod 相当于是固定的静态的方法，不支持 null safe，null safe 只支持具有动态特征的用法
-		if (sharedMethodInfo == null) {
-			throw new TemplateException(Method.buildMethodNotFoundSignature("Shared method not found: ", methodName, argValues), location);
-		}
 		try {
-			return sharedMethodInfo.invoke(argValues);
+			SharedMethodInfo sharedMethodInfo = sharedMethodKit.getSharedMethodInfo(methodName, argValues);
+			if (sharedMethodInfo != null) {
+				return sharedMethodInfo.invoke(argValues);
+			} else {
+				// ShareMethod 相当于是固定的静态的方法，不支持 null safe，null safe 只支持具有动态特征的用法
+				throw new TemplateException(Method.buildMethodNotFoundSignature("Shared method not found: ", methodName, argValues), location);
+			}
+			
+		} catch (TemplateException | ParseException e) {
+			throw e;
 		} catch (Exception e) {
 			throw new TemplateException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
 		}

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/SharedMethodKit.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,40 +21,41 @@ import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Set;
-import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
-import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import com.jfinal.kit.HashKit;
 import com.jfinal.kit.ReflectKit;
+import com.jfinal.kit.SyncWriteMap;
 
 /**
  * SharedMethodKit
  */
 public class SharedMethodKit {
 	
-	private static final Set<String> excludedMethodKey = new HashSet<String>();
+	private static final Set<Long> excludedMethodKey = new HashSet<Long>();
 	
 	static {
 		Method[] methods = Object.class.getMethods();
 		for (Method method : methods) {
-			String key = getSharedMethodKey(method.getName(), method.getParameterTypes());
+			Long key = getSharedMethodKey(method.getName(), method.getParameterTypes());
 			excludedMethodKey.add(key);
 		}
 	}
 	
 	private final List<SharedMethodInfo> sharedMethodList = new ArrayList<SharedMethodInfo>();
-	private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, SharedMethodInfo> methodCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, SharedMethodInfo>();
+	private final HashMap<Long, SharedMethodInfo> methodCache = new SyncWriteMap<Long, SharedMethodInfo>(512, 0.25F);
 	
 	public SharedMethodInfo getSharedMethodInfo(String methodName, Object[] argValues) {
 		Class<?>[] argTypes = MethodKit.getArgTypes(argValues);
-		String key = getSharedMethodKey(methodName, argTypes);
+		Long key = getSharedMethodKey(methodName, argTypes);
 		SharedMethodInfo method = methodCache.get(key);
 		if (method == null) {
 			method = doGetSharedMethodInfo(methodName, argTypes);
 			if (method != null) {
 				methodCache.putIfAbsent(key, method);
 			}
-			// shared method 不支持 null safe，不缓存: methodCache.put(key, Boolean.FALSE)
+			// shared method 不支持 null safe，不缓存: methodCache.putIfAbsent(key, Void.class)
 		}
 		return method;
 	}
@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@ public class SharedMethodKit {
 			SharedMethodInfo current = it.next();
 			String methodName = method.getName();
 			if (current.getName().equals(methodName)) {
-				String key = getSharedMethodKey(methodName, method.getParameterTypes());
+				Long key = getSharedMethodKey(methodName, method.getParameterTypes());
 				if (current.getKey().equals(key)) {
 					it.remove();
 				}
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ public class SharedMethodKit {
 		
 		Method[] methods = sharedClass.getMethods();
 		for (Method method : methods) {
-			String key = getSharedMethodKey(method.getName(), method.getParameterTypes());
+			Long key = getSharedMethodKey(method.getName(), method.getParameterTypes());
 			if (excludedMethodKey.contains(key)) {
 				continue ;
 			}
@@ -144,24 +145,35 @@ public class SharedMethodKit {
 		}
 	}
 	
-	private static String getSharedMethodKey(String methodName, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
-        StringBuilder key = new StringBuilder(64);
-        key.append(methodName);
-        if (argTypes != null && argTypes.length > 0) {
-        	MethodKit.createArgTypesDigest(argTypes, key);
+	private static Long getSharedMethodKey(String methodName, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
+		long hash = HashKit.FNV_OFFSET_BASIS_64;
+		hash ^= methodName.hashCode();
+		hash *= HashKit.FNV_PRIME_64;
+		
+		if (argTypes != null) {
+			for (int i=0; i<argTypes.length; i++) {
+				Class<?> type = argTypes[i];
+				if (type != null) {
+					hash ^= type.getName().hashCode();
+					hash *= HashKit.FNV_PRIME_64;
+				} else {
+					hash ^= "null".hashCode();
+					hash *= HashKit.FNV_PRIME_64;
+				}
+			}
 		}
-        return key.toString();
-    }
+		return hash;
+	}
 	
 	static class SharedMethodInfo extends MethodInfo {
 		final Object target;
 		
-		private SharedMethodInfo(String key, Class<?> clazz, Method method, Object target) {
+		private SharedMethodInfo(Long key, Class<?> clazz, Method method, Object target) {
 			super(key, clazz, method);
 			this.target = target;
 		}
 		
-		public Object invoke(Object... args) throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
+		public Object invoke(Object... args) throws ReflectiveOperationException {
 			return super.invoke(target, args);
 		}
 		

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/StaticField.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/StaticMethod.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -50,6 +50,14 @@ public class StaticMethod extends Expr {
 		} catch (Exception e) {
 			throw new ParseException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
 		}
+		
+		if (MethodKit.isForbiddenClass(this.clazz)) {
+			throw new ParseException("Forbidden class: " + this.clazz.getName(), location);
+		}
+		if (MethodKit.isForbiddenMethod(methodName)) {
+			throw new ParseException("Forbidden method: " + methodName, location);
+		}
+		
 		this.methodName = methodName;
 		this.exprList = exprList;
 		this.location = location;
@@ -57,23 +65,23 @@ public class StaticMethod extends Expr {
 	
 	public Object eval(Scope scope) {
 		Object[] argValues = exprList.evalExprList(scope);
-		MethodInfo methodInfo;
-		try {
-			methodInfo = MethodKit.getMethod(clazz, methodName, argValues);
-		} catch (Exception e) {
-			throw new TemplateException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
-		}
-		
-		// StaticMethod 是固定的存在，不支持 null safe，null safe 只支持具有动态特征的用法
-		if (methodInfo == null) {
-			throw new TemplateException(Method.buildMethodNotFoundSignature("public static method not found: " + clazz.getName() + "::", methodName, argValues), location);
-		}
-		if (!methodInfo.isStatic()) {
-			throw new TemplateException(Method.buildMethodNotFoundSignature("Not public static method: " + clazz.getName() + "::", methodName, argValues), location);
-		}
 		
 		try {
-			return methodInfo.invoke(null, argValues);
+			MethodInfo methodInfo = MethodKit.getMethod(clazz, methodName, argValues);
+			
+			if (methodInfo.notNull()) {
+				if (methodInfo.isStatic()) {
+					return methodInfo.invoke(null, argValues);
+				} else {
+					throw new TemplateException(Method.buildMethodNotFoundSignature("Not public static method: " + clazz.getName() + "::", methodName, argValues), location);
+				}
+			} else {
+				// StaticMethod 是固定的存在，不支持 null safe，null safe 只支持具有动态特征的用法
+				throw new TemplateException(Method.buildMethodNotFoundSignature("public static method not found: " + clazz.getName() + "::", methodName, argValues), location);
+			}
+			
+		} catch (TemplateException | ParseException e) {
+			throw e;
 		} catch (Exception e) {
 			throw new TemplateException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
 		}

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Ternary.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/expr/ast/Unary.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -83,6 +83,51 @@ public class Unary extends Expr {
 			throw new TemplateException("Unsupported operator: " + op.value(), location);
 		}
 	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 如果可能的话，将 Unary 表达式转化成 Const 表达式，类似于 ExprParser.buildMapEntry() 需要这种转化来简化实现
+	 * 除了可简化程序外，还起到一定的性能优化作用
+	 * 
+	 * Number : +123 -456 +3.14 -0.12
+	 * Boolean : !true !false
+	 * 
+	 * 特别注意：
+	 * Boolean 的支持并不需要，!true、!false 已在 ExprParser 中被 Logic 表达式接管，在此仅为逻辑上的完备性而添加
+	 */
+	public Expr toConstIfPossible() {
+		if (expr instanceof Const && (op == Sym.SUB || op == Sym.ADD || op == Sym.NOT)) {
+		} else {
+			return this;
+		}
+		
+		Expr ret = this;
+		Const c = (Const)expr;
+		if (op == Sym.SUB) {
+			if (c.isInt()) {
+				ret = new Const(Sym.INT, -c.getInt());
+			} else if (c.isLong()) {
+				ret = new Const(Sym.LONG, -c.getLong());
+			} else if (c.isFloat()) {
+				ret = new Const(Sym.FLOAT, -c.getFloat());
+			} else if (c.isDouble()) {
+				ret = new Const(Sym.DOUBLE, -c.getDouble());
+			}
+		} else if (op == Sym.ADD) {
+			if (c.isNumber()) {
+				ret = c;
+			}
+		} else if (op == Sym.NOT) {
+			if (c.isBoolean()) {
+				ret = c.isTrue() ? Const.FALSE : Const.TRUE;
+			}
+		}
+		
+		return ret;
+	}
+	
+	public String toString() {
+		return op.toString() + expr.toString();
+	}
 }
 
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/directive/CallDirective.java

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.ext.directive;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import com.jfinal.template.Directive;
+import com.jfinal.template.Env;
+import com.jfinal.template.TemplateException;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Const;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Expr;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.ExprList;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.Writer;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParseException;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.Define;
+
+/**
+ * CallDirective 动态调用模板函数
+ * 
+ * 模板函数的名称与参数都可以动态指定，提升模板函数调用的灵活性
+ * 
+ * 例如：
+ *     #call(funcName, p1, p2, ..., pn)
+ *     其中 funcName，为函数名，p1、p2、pn 为被调用函数所使用的参数
+ * 
+ * 
+ * 如果希望模板函数不存在时忽略其调用，添加常量值 true 在第一个参数位置即可
+ * 例如：
+ *     #call(true, funcName, p1, p2, ..., pn)
+ * 
+ * 
+ * TODO 后续优化看一下 ast.Call.java
+ */
+public class CallDirective extends Directive {
+	
+	protected Expr funcNameExpr;
+	protected ExprList paraExpr;
+	
+	protected boolean nullSafe = false;		// 是否支持函数名不存在时跳过
+	
+	public void setExprList(ExprList exprList) {
+		int len = exprList.length();
+		if (len == 0) {
+			throw new ParseException("模板函数名不能缺失", location);
+		}
+		
+		int index = 0;
+		Expr expr = exprList.getExpr(index);
+		if (expr instanceof Const && ((Const)expr).isBoolean()) {
+			if (len == 1) {
+				throw new ParseException("模板函数名不能缺失", location);
+			}
+			
+			nullSafe = ((Const)expr).getBoolean();
+			index++;
+		}
+		
+		funcNameExpr = exprList.getExpr(index++);
+		
+		ArrayList<Expr> list = new ArrayList<Expr>();
+		for (int i=index; i<len; i++) {
+			list.add(exprList.getExpr(i));
+		}
+		paraExpr = new ExprList(list);
+	}
+	
+	public void exec(Env env, Scope scope, Writer writer) {
+		Object funcNameValue = funcNameExpr.eval(scope);
+		if (funcNameValue == null) {
+			if (nullSafe) {
+				return ;
+			}
+			throw new TemplateException("模板函数名为 null", location);
+		}
+		
+		if (!(funcNameValue instanceof String)) {
+			throw new TemplateException("模板函数名必须是字符串", location);
+		}
+		
+		Define func = env.getFunction(funcNameValue.toString());
+		
+		if (func == null) {
+			if (nullSafe) {
+				return ;
+			}
+			throw new TemplateException("模板函数未找到 : " + funcNameValue, location);
+		}
+		
+		func.call(env, scope, paraExpr, writer);
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/directive/DateDirective.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,24 +16,28 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.template.ext.directive;
 
-import java.io.Writer;
-import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Date;
 import com.jfinal.template.Directive;
 import com.jfinal.template.Env;
 import com.jfinal.template.TemplateException;
 import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Expr;
 import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.ExprList;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.Writer;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParseException;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
 
 /**
- * 不带参时，按默认 pattern 输出当前日期
+ * #date 日期格式化输出指令
  * 
- * #date() 指令支持无参时获取当前指令，第一个参数 string 当成是 pattern
+ * 三种用法：
+ * 1：#date(createAt) 用默认 datePattern 配置，输出 createAt 变量中的日期值
+ * 2：#date(createAt, "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") 用第二个参数指定的 datePattern，输出 createAt 变量中的日期值
+ * 3：#date() 用默认 datePattern 配置，输出 “当前” 日期值
  * 
- * 日期输出指令，第一个参数是被输出的 java.util.Date 对象或其子类对象
- * 无第二个参数时按默认 patter 输出，第二个参数为 expr 表达式，表示 pattern
- * 第二个为 date 时，表示当第一个为 null 时的默认值
+ * 注意：
+ * 1：#date 指令中的参数可以是变量，例如：#date(d, p) 中的 d 与 p 可以全都是变量
+ * 2：默认 datePattern 可通过 Engine.setDatePattern(...) 进行配置
  */
 public class DateDirective extends Directive {
 	
@@ -51,55 +55,55 @@ public class DateDirective extends Directive {
 			this.valueExpr = null;
 			this.datePatternExpr = null;
 		} else if (paraNum == 1) {
-			this.valueExpr = exprList.getExprArray()[0];
+			this.valueExpr = exprList.getExpr(0);
 			this.datePatternExpr = null;
 		} else if (paraNum == 2) {
-			this.valueExpr = exprList.getExprArray()[0];
-			this.datePatternExpr = exprList.getExprArray()[1];
+			this.valueExpr = exprList.getExpr(0);
+			this.datePatternExpr = exprList.getExpr(1);
 		}
 	}
 	
 	public void exec(Env env, Scope scope, Writer writer) {
-		if (paraNum == 0) {
-			outputToday(env, writer);
-		} else if (paraNum == 1) {
+		if (paraNum == 1) {
 			outputWithoutDatePattern(env, scope, writer);
 		} else if (paraNum == 2) {
 			outputWithDatePattern(env, scope, writer);
+		} else {
+			outputToday(env, writer);
 		}
 	}
 	
 	private void outputToday(Env env, Writer writer) {
-		Object value = format(new java.util.Date(), env.getEngineConfig().getDatePattern());
-		write(writer, value.toString());
+		write(writer, new Date(), env.getEngineConfig().getDatePattern());
 	}
 	
 	private void outputWithoutDatePattern(Env env, Scope scope, Writer writer) {
 		Object value = valueExpr.eval(scope);
-		if (value != null) {
-			value = format(value, env.getEngineConfig().getDatePattern());
-			write(writer, value.toString());
+		if (value instanceof Date) {
+			write(writer, (Date)value, env.getEngineConfig().getDatePattern());
+		} else if (value != null) {
+			throw new TemplateException("The first parameter date of #date directive must be Date type", location);
 		}
 	}
 	
 	private void outputWithDatePattern(Env env, Scope scope, Writer writer) {
 		Object value = valueExpr.eval(scope);
-		if (value == null) {
-			return ;
+		if (value instanceof Date) {
+			Object datePattern = this.datePatternExpr.eval(scope);
+			if (datePattern instanceof String) {
+				write(writer, (Date)value, (String)datePattern);
+			} else {
+				throw new TemplateException("The sencond parameter datePattern of #date directive must be String", location);
+			}
+		} else if (value != null) {
+			throw new TemplateException("The first parameter date of #date directive must be Date type", location);
 		}
-		
-		Object dp = this.datePatternExpr.eval(scope);
-		if ( !(dp instanceof String) ) {
-			throw new TemplateException("The sencond parameter dataPattern of #date directive must be String", location);
-		}
-		value = format(value, (String)dp);
-		write(writer, value.toString());
 	}
 	
-	private String format(Object value, String datePattern) {
+	private void write(Writer writer, Date date, String datePattern) {
 		try {
-			return new SimpleDateFormat(datePattern).format(value);
-		} catch (Exception e) {
+			writer.write(date, datePattern);
+		} catch (IOException e) {
 			throw new TemplateException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
 		}
 	}

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/directive/EscapeDirective.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,9 +16,12 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.template.ext.directive;
 
-import java.io.Writer;
+import java.io.IOException;
 import com.jfinal.template.Directive;
 import com.jfinal.template.Env;
+import com.jfinal.template.TemplateException;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.Writer;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParseException;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
 
 /**
@@ -29,44 +32,62 @@ import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
 public class EscapeDirective extends Directive {
 	
 	public void exec(Env env, Scope scope, Writer writer) {
-		Object value = exprList.eval(scope);
-		if (value != null) {
-			write(writer, escape(value.toString()));
+		try {
+			Object value = exprList.eval(scope);
+			
+			if (value instanceof String) {
+				escape((String)value, writer);
+			} else if (value instanceof Number) {
+				Class<?> c = value.getClass();
+				if (c == Integer.class) {
+					writer.write((Integer)value);
+				} else if (c == Long.class) {
+					writer.write((Long)value);
+				} else if (c == Double.class) {
+					writer.write((Double)value);
+				} else if (c == Float.class) {
+					writer.write((Float)value);
+				} else if (c == Short.class) {
+					writer.write((Short)value);
+				} else {
+					writer.write(value.toString());
+				}
+			} else if (value != null) {
+				escape(value.toString(), writer);
+			}
+		} catch(TemplateException | ParseException e) {
+			throw e;
+		} catch(Exception e) {
+			throw new TemplateException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
 		}
 	}
 	
-	// TODO 挪到 StrKit 中
-	private String escape(String str) {
-		if (str == null || str.length() == 0) {
-			return str;
-		}
-		
-		int len = str.length();
-		StringBuilder ret = new StringBuilder(len * 2);
-		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+	private void escape(String str, Writer w) throws IOException {
+		for (int i = 0, len = str.length(); i < len; i++) {
 			char cur = str.charAt(i);
 			switch (cur) {
 			case '<':
-				ret.append("&lt;");
+				w.write("&lt;");
 				break;
 			case '>':
-				ret.append("&gt;");
+				w.write("&gt;");
 				break;
-			case '\"':
-				ret.append("&quot;");
+			case '"':
+				w.write("&quot;");
 				break;
 			case '\'':
-				ret.append("&apos;");	// IE 不支持 &apos; 考虑 &#39;
+				// w.write("&apos;");	// IE 不支持 &apos; 考虑 &#39;
+				w.write("&#39;");
 				break;
 			case '&':
-				ret.append("&amp;");
+				w.write("&amp;");
 				break;
 			default:
-				ret.append(cur);
+				w.write(str, i, 1);
 				break;
 			}
 		}
-
-		return ret.toString();
 	}
 }
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/directive/NowDirective.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,12 +16,13 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.template.ext.directive;
 
-import java.io.Writer;
-import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Date;
 import com.jfinal.template.Directive;
 import com.jfinal.template.Env;
 import com.jfinal.template.TemplateException;
 import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.ExprList;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.Writer;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParseException;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
 
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
  */
 public class NowDirective extends Directive {
 	
-	public void setExrpList(ExprList exprList) {
+	public void setExprList(ExprList exprList) {
 		if (exprList.length() > 1) {
 			throw new ParseException("#now directive support one parameter only", location);	
 		}
@@ -39,22 +40,21 @@ public class NowDirective extends Directive {
 	}
 	
 	public void exec(Env env, Scope scope, Writer writer) {
-		String dataPattern;
+		String datePattern;
 		if (exprList.length() == 0) {
-			dataPattern = env.getEngineConfig().getDatePattern();
+			datePattern = env.getEngineConfig().getDatePattern();
 		} else {
 			Object dp = exprList.eval(scope);
 			if (dp instanceof String) {
-				dataPattern = (String)dp;
+				datePattern = (String)dp;
 			} else {
-				throw new TemplateException("The parameter of #new directive must be String", location);
+				throw new TemplateException("The parameter of #now directive must be String", location);
 			}
 		}
 		
 		try {
-			String value = new SimpleDateFormat(dataPattern).format(new java.util.Date());
-			write(writer, value);
-		} catch (Exception e) {
+			writer.write(new Date(), datePattern);
+		} catch (IOException e) {
 			throw new TemplateException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
 		}
 	}

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/directive/NumberDirective.java

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.ext.directive;
+
+import java.text.DecimalFormat;
+import com.jfinal.template.Directive;
+import com.jfinal.template.Env;
+import com.jfinal.template.TemplateException;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Expr;
+import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.ExprList;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.Writer;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParseException;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
+
+/**
+ * #number 数字格式化输出指令
+ * 
+ * 两种用法：
+ * 1：#number(n) 用默认 pattern 输出变量中的值
+ * 2：#number(n, "#.##") 用第二个参数指定的 pattern 输出变量中的值
+ * 
+ * 注意：
+ * 1：pattern 的使用与 java.text.DecimalFormat 的完全一样
+ *    在拿不定主意的时候可以在搜索引擎中搜索关键字：DecimalFormat
+ * 2：#number 指令中的参数可以是变量，例如：#number(n, p) 中的 n 与 p 可以全都是变量
+ * 
+ * <pre>
+ * 示例：
+ * #number(3.1415926, "#.##")
+ * #number(0.9518, "#.##%")
+ * #number(300000, "光速为每秒 ,### 公里。")
+ * 
+ * #set(n = 1.234)
+ * #set(p = "#.##")
+ * #number(n, p)
+ * </pre>
+ */
+public class NumberDirective extends Directive {
+	
+	private Expr valueExpr;
+	private Expr patternExpr;
+	
+	public void setExprList(ExprList exprList) {
+		int paraNum = exprList.length();
+		if (paraNum == 0) {
+			throw new ParseException("The parameter of #number directive can not be blank", location);
+		}
+		if (paraNum > 2) {
+			throw new ParseException("Wrong number parameter of #number directive, two parameters allowed at most", location);
+		}
+		
+		valueExpr = exprList.getExpr(0);
+		patternExpr = (paraNum == 1 ? null : exprList.getExpr(1));
+	}
+	
+	public void exec(Env env, Scope scope, Writer writer) {
+		Object value = valueExpr.eval(scope);
+		if (value == null) {
+			return ;
+		}
+		
+		if (patternExpr == null) {
+			outputWithoutPattern(writer, value);
+		} else {
+			outputWithPattern(scope, writer, value);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	private void outputWithoutPattern(Writer writer, Object value) {	
+		String ret = new DecimalFormat().format(value);
+		write(writer, ret);
+	}
+	
+	private void outputWithPattern(Scope scope, Writer writer, Object value) {
+		Object pattern = patternExpr.eval(scope);
+		if ( !(pattern instanceof String) ) {
+			throw new TemplateException("The sencond parameter pattern of #number directive must be String", location);
+		}
+		
+		String ret = new DecimalFormat((String)pattern).format(value);
+		write(writer, ret);
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/directive/RandomDirective.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,22 +16,29 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.template.ext.directive;
 
-import java.io.Writer;
+import java.io.IOException;
 import com.jfinal.template.Directive;
 import com.jfinal.template.Env;
+import com.jfinal.template.TemplateException;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.Writer;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
 
 /**
- * 输出随机数
+ * 输出 int 型随机数
  */
 public class RandomDirective extends Directive {
 	
 	private java.util.Random random = new java.util.Random();
 	
 	public void exec(Env env, Scope scope, Writer writer) {
-		write(writer, String.valueOf(random.nextInt()));
+		try {
+			writer.write(random.nextInt());
+		} catch (IOException e) {
+			throw new TemplateException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
+		}
 	}
 }
 
 
 
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/directive/RenderDirective.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,15 +16,15 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.template.ext.directive;
 
-import java.io.Writer;
-import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
+import com.jfinal.kit.SyncWriteMap;
 import com.jfinal.template.Directive;
 import com.jfinal.template.EngineConfig;
 import com.jfinal.template.Env;
 import com.jfinal.template.TemplateException;
 import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Assign;
 import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.ExprList;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.Writer;
 import com.jfinal.template.source.ISource;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.Ctrl;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.ParseException;
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import com.jfinal.template.stat.Scope;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.Define;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.Include;
 import com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.Stat;
+import com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.StatList;
 
 /**
  * #render 指令用于动态渲染子模板，作为 include 指令的补充
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ import com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.Stat;
 public class RenderDirective extends Directive {
 	
 	private String parentFileName;
-	private Map<String, StatInfo> statInfoCache = new HashMap<String,StatInfo>();
+	private Map<String, SubStat> subStatCache = new SyncWriteMap<String, SubStat>(16, 0.5F);
 	
 	public void setExprList(ExprList exprList) {
 		int len = exprList.length();
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ public class RenderDirective extends Directive {
 		if (len > 1) {
 			for (int i = 1; i < len; i++) {
 				if (!(exprList.getExpr(i) instanceof Assign)) {
-					throw new ParseException("The " + i + "th parameter of #render directive must be an assignment expression", location);
+					throw new ParseException("The " + (i + 1) + "th parameter of #render directive must be an assignment expression", location);
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -107,62 +108,68 @@ public class RenderDirective extends Directive {
 		}
 		
 		String subFileName = Include.getSubFileName((String)value, parentFileName);
-		StatInfo statInfo = statInfoCache.get(subFileName);
-		if (statInfo == null) {
-			statInfo = parseStatInfo(env, subFileName);
-			statInfoCache.put(subFileName, statInfo);
-		} else if (env.getEngineConfig().isDevMode()) {
-			// statInfo.env.isSourceListModified() 逻辑可以支持 #render 子模板中的 #include 过来的子模板在 devMode 下在修改后可被重加载
-			if (statInfo.source.isModified() || statInfo.env.isSourceListModified()) {
-				statInfo = parseStatInfo(env, subFileName);
-				statInfoCache.put(subFileName, statInfo);
+		SubStat subStat = subStatCache.get(subFileName);
+		if (subStat == null) {
+			subStat = parseSubStat(env, subFileName);
+			subStatCache.put(subFileName, subStat);
+		} else if (env.isDevMode()) {
+			// subStat.env.isSourceListModified() 逻辑可以支持 #render 子模板中的 #include 过来的子模板在 devMode 下在修改后可被重加载
+			if (subStat.source.isModified() || subStat.env.isSourceListModified()) {
+				subStat = parseSubStat(env, subFileName);
+				subStatCache.put(subFileName, subStat);
 			}
 		}
 		
-		statInfo.stat.exec(statInfo.env, scope, writer);
+		subStat.exec(null, scope, writer);	// subStat.stat.exec(subStat.env, scope, writer);
+		
 		scope.getCtrl().setJumpNone();
 	}
 	
-	private StatInfo parseStatInfo(Env env, String subFileName) {
+	private SubStat parseSubStat(Env env, String subFileName) {
 		EngineConfig config = env.getEngineConfig();
-		// FileSource fileSource = new FileSource(config.getBaseTemplatePath(), subFileName, config.getEncoding());
-		ISource fileSource = config.getSourceFactory().getSource(config.getBaseTemplatePath(), subFileName, config.getEncoding());
+		// FileSource subFileSource = new FileSource(config.getBaseTemplatePath(), subFileName, config.getEncoding());
+		ISource subFileSource = config.getSourceFactory().getSource(config.getBaseTemplatePath(), subFileName, config.getEncoding());
 		
 		try {
-			EnvSub envSub = new EnvSub(env);
-			Stat stat = new Parser(envSub, fileSource.getContent(), subFileName).parse();
-			return new StatInfo(envSub, stat, fileSource);
+			SubEnv subEnv = new SubEnv(env);
+			StatList subStatList = new Parser(subEnv, subFileSource.getContent(), subFileName).parse();
+			return new SubStat(subEnv, subStatList.getActualStat(), subFileSource);
 		} catch (Exception e) {
 			throw new ParseException(e.getMessage(), location, e);
 		}
 	}
 	
-	private static class StatInfo {
-		EnvSub env;
-		Stat stat;
-		ISource source;
+	public static class SubStat extends Stat {
+		public SubEnv env;
+		public Stat stat;
+		public ISource source;
 		
-		StatInfo(EnvSub env, Stat stat, ISource source) {
+		public SubStat(SubEnv env, Stat stat, ISource source) {
 			this.env = env;
 			this.stat = stat;
 			this.source = source;
 		}
+		
+		@Override
+		public void exec(Env env, Scope scope, Writer writer) {
+			stat.exec(this.env, scope, writer);
+		}
 	}
 	
 	/**
-	 * EnvSub 用于将子模板与父模板中的模板函数隔离开来，
+	 * SubEnv 用于将子模板与父模板中的模板函数隔离开来，
 	 * 否则在子模板被修改并被重新解析时会再次添加子模板中的
 	 * 模板函数，从而抛出异常
 	 * 
-	 * EnvSub 也可以使子模板中定义的模板函数不与上层产生冲突，
+	 * SubEnv 也可以使子模板中定义的模板函数不与上层产生冲突，
 	 * 有利于动态型模板渲染的模块化
 	 * 
-	 * 注意： #render 子模板中定义的模板函数无法被上层调用
+	 * 注意： #render 子模板中定义的模板函数无法在父模板中调用
 	 */
-	private static class EnvSub extends Env {
-		Env parentEnv;
+	public static class SubEnv extends Env {
+		public Env parentEnv;
 		
-		public EnvSub(Env parentEnv) {
+		public SubEnv(Env parentEnv) {
 			super(parentEnv.getEngineConfig());
 			this.parentEnv = parentEnv;
 		}
@@ -170,6 +177,7 @@ public class RenderDirective extends Directive {
 		/**
 		 * 接管父类 getFunction()，先从子模板中找模板函数，找不到再去父模板中找
 		 */
+		@Override
 		public Define getFunction(String functionName) {
 			Define func = functionMap.get(functionName);
 			return func != null ? func : parentEnv.getFunction(functionName);

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/directive/StringDirective.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,10 +16,11 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.template.ext.directive;
 
-import java.io.Writer;
 import com.jfinal.template.Directive;
 import com.jfinal.template.Env;
-import com.jfinal.template.FastStringWriter;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.CharWriter;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.FastStringWriter;
+import com.jfinal.template.io.Writer;
 import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Const;
 import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.Expr;
 import com.jfinal.template.expr.ast.ExprList;
@@ -68,8 +69,14 @@ public class StringDirective extends Directive {
 	}
 	
 	public void exec(Env env, Scope scope, Writer writer) {
+		CharWriter charWriter = new CharWriter(64);
 		FastStringWriter fsw = new FastStringWriter();
-		stat.exec(env, scope, fsw);
+		charWriter.init(fsw);
+		try {
+			stat.exec(env, scope, charWriter);
+		} finally {
+			charWriter.close();
+		}
 		
 		if (this.isLocalAssignment) {
 			scope.setLocal(name, fsw.toString());

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/extensionmethod/ByteExt.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -43,6 +43,14 @@ public class ByteExt {
 	public Double toDouble(Byte self) {
 		return self.doubleValue();
 	}
+	
+	public Short toShort(Byte self) {
+		return self.shortValue();
+	}
+	
+	public Byte toByte(Byte self) {
+		return self;
+	}
 }
 
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/extensionmethod/DoubleExt.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -43,6 +43,14 @@ public class DoubleExt {
 	public Double toDouble(Double self) {
 		return self;
 	}
+	
+	public Short toShort(Double self) {
+		return self.shortValue();
+	}
+	
+	public Byte toByte(Double self) {
+		return self.byteValue();
+	}
 }
 
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/extensionmethod/FloatExt.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -43,6 +43,14 @@ public class FloatExt {
 	public Double toDouble(Float self) {
 		return self.doubleValue();
 	}
+	
+	public Short toShort(Float self) {
+		return self.shortValue();
+	}
+	
+	public Byte toByte(Float self) {
+		return self.byteValue();
+	}
 }
 
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/extensionmethod/IntegerExt.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -63,6 +63,14 @@ public class IntegerExt {
 	public Double toDouble(Integer self) {
 		return self.doubleValue();
 	}
+	
+	public Short toShort(Integer self) {
+		return self.shortValue();
+	}
+	
+	public Byte toByte(Integer self) {
+		return self.byteValue();
+	}
 }
 
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/extensionmethod/LongExt.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -43,6 +43,14 @@ public class LongExt {
 	public Double toDouble(Long self) {
 		return self.doubleValue();
 	}
+	
+	public Short toShort(Long self) {
+		return self.shortValue();
+	}
+	
+	public Byte toByte(Long self) {
+		return self.byteValue();
+	}
 }
 
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/extensionmethod/ShortExt.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -43,6 +43,14 @@ public class ShortExt {
 	public Double toDouble(Short self) {
 		return self.doubleValue();
 	}
+	
+	public Short toShort(Short self) {
+		return self;
+	}
+	
+	public Byte toByte(Short self) {
+		return self.byteValue();
+	}
 }
 
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/extensionmethod/StringExt.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -79,6 +79,14 @@ public class StringExt {
 	public Double toDouble(String self) {
 		return StrKit.isBlank(self) ? null : Double.parseDouble(self);
 	}
+	
+	public Short toShort(String self) {
+		return StrKit.isBlank(self) ? null : Short.parseShort(self);
+	}
+	
+	public Byte toByte(String self) {
+		return StrKit.isBlank(self) ? null : Byte.parseByte(self);
+	}
 }
 
 

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/sharedmethod/SharedMethodLib.java

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.ext.sharedmethod;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * SharedMethodLib 共享方法库，逐步添加一些最常用的共享方法
+ * 
+ * <br>
+ * 3.3 版本之前的 Logic.isTrue(Object) 方法不再对  Collection、
+ * Map、数组、Iterator、Iterable 进行为空的判断，这部分逻辑已转移至
+ * SharedMethodLib.isEmpty(Object)
+ */
+public class SharedMethodLib {
+	
+	/**
+	 * 判断 Collection、Map、数组、Iterator、Iterable 类型对象中的元素个数是否为 0
+	 * 规则：
+	 * 1：null 返回 true
+	 * 2：List、Set 等一切继承自 Collection 的，返回 isEmpty()
+	 * 3：Map 返回 isEmpty()
+	 * 4：数组返回 length == 0
+	 * 5：Iterator 返回  ! hasNext()
+	 * 6：Iterable 返回  ! iterator().hasNext()
+	 * 
+	 * 注意：原先 Logic.isTrue(Object) 中对集合与数组类型为空的判断转移到此方法中
+	 */
+	public Boolean isEmpty(Object v) {
+		if (v == null) {
+			return true;
+		}
+		
+		if (v instanceof Collection) {
+			return ((Collection<?>)v).isEmpty();
+		}
+		if (v instanceof Map) {
+			return ((Map<?, ?>)v).isEmpty();
+		}
+		
+		if (v.getClass().isArray()) {
+			return Array.getLength(v) == 0;
+		}
+		
+		if (v instanceof Iterator) {
+			return ! ((Iterator<?>)v).hasNext();
+		}
+		if (v instanceof Iterable) {
+			return ! ((Iterable<?>)v).iterator().hasNext();
+		}
+		
+		throw new IllegalArgumentException("isEmpty(...) 方法只能接受 Collection、Map、数组、Iterator、Iterable 类型参数");
+	}
+	
+	public Boolean notEmpty(Object v) {
+		return !isEmpty(v);
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/spring/JFinalView.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@
 
 package com.jfinal.template.ext.spring;
 
-import java.io.Writer;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.util.Enumeration;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -56,105 +57,120 @@ public class JFinalView extends AbstractTemplateView {
 			}
 		}
 		
-		Writer writer = response.getWriter();
-		JFinalViewResolver.engine.getTemplate(getUrl()).render(model, writer);
-		writer.flush();
+		try {
+			OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
+			JFinalViewResolver.engine.getTemplate(getUrl()).render(model, os);
+		} catch (Exception e) {	// 捕获 ByteWriter.close() 抛出的 RuntimeException
+			Throwable cause = e.getCause();
+			if (cause instanceof IOException) {	// ClientAbortException、EofException 直接或间接继承自 IOException
+				String name = cause.getClass().getSimpleName();
+				if ("ClientAbortException".equals(name) || "EofException".equals(name)) {
+					return ;
+				}
+			}
+			
+			throw e;
+		}
 	}
-}
 
-@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes", "deprecation"})
-class InnerSession extends HashMap<Object, Object> implements HttpSession {
-	
-	private static final long serialVersionUID = -8679493647540628009L;
-	private HttpSession session;
-	
-	public InnerSession(HttpSession session) {
-		this.session = session;
-	}
-	
-	// HashMap 相关方法处理 ----------------------------------------------------
-	/**
-	 * 覆盖 HashMap 的 put
-	 */
-	public Object put(Object name, Object value) {
-		session.setAttribute((String)name, value);
-		return null;
-	}
-	
-	/**
-	 * 覆盖 HashMap 的 get
-	 */
-	public Object get(Object name) {
-		return session.getAttribute((String)name);
-	}
-	
-	// Session 相关方法处理 ----------------------------------------------------
-	public Object getAttribute(String key) {
-		return session.getAttribute(key);
-	}
-	
-	public Enumeration getAttributeNames() {
-		return session.getAttributeNames();
-	}
-	
-	public long getCreationTime() {
-		return session.getCreationTime();
-	}
-	
-	public String getId() {
-		return session.getId();
-	}
-	
-	public long getLastAccessedTime() {
-		return session.getLastAccessedTime();
-	}
-	
-	public int getMaxInactiveInterval() {
-		return session.getMaxInactiveInterval();
-	}
-	
-	public ServletContext getServletContext() {
-		return session.getServletContext();
-	}
-	
-	public javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionContext getSessionContext() {
-		return session.getSessionContext();
-	}
-	
-	public Object getValue(String key) {
-		return session.getValue(key);
-	}
-	
-	public String[] getValueNames() {
-		return session.getValueNames();
-	}
-	
-	public void invalidate() {
-		session.invalidate();
-	}
-	
-	public boolean isNew() {
-		return session.isNew();
-	}
-	
-	public void putValue(String key, Object value) {
-		session.putValue(key, value);
-	}
-	
-	public void removeAttribute(String key) {
-		session.removeAttribute(key);
-	}
-	
-	public void removeValue(String key) {
-		session.removeValue(key);
-	}
-	
-	public void setAttribute(String key, Object value) {
-		session.setAttribute(key, value);
-	}
-	
-	public void setMaxInactiveInterval(int maxInactiveInterval) {
-		session.setMaxInactiveInterval(maxInactiveInterval);
+	@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes", "deprecation"})
+	public static class InnerSession extends HashMap<Object, Object> implements HttpSession {
+		
+		private static final long serialVersionUID = -8679493647540628009L;
+		private HttpSession session;
+		
+		public InnerSession(HttpSession session) {
+			this.session = session;
+		}
+		
+		// HashMap 相关方法处理 ----------------------------------------------------
+		/**
+		 * 覆盖 HashMap 的 put
+		 */
+		public Object put(Object name, Object value) {
+			session.setAttribute((String)name, value);
+			return null;
+		}
+		
+		/**
+		 * 覆盖 HashMap 的 get
+		 */
+		public Object get(Object name) {
+			return session.getAttribute((String)name);
+		}
+		
+		// Session 相关方法处理 ----------------------------------------------------
+		public Object getAttribute(String key) {
+			return session.getAttribute(key);
+		}
+		
+		public Enumeration getAttributeNames() {
+			return session.getAttributeNames();
+		}
+		
+		public long getCreationTime() {
+			return session.getCreationTime();
+		}
+		
+		public String getId() {
+			return session.getId();
+		}
+		
+		public long getLastAccessedTime() {
+			return session.getLastAccessedTime();
+		}
+		
+		public int getMaxInactiveInterval() {
+			return session.getMaxInactiveInterval();
+		}
+		
+		public ServletContext getServletContext() {
+			return session.getServletContext();
+		}
+		
+		public javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionContext getSessionContext() {
+			return session.getSessionContext();
+		}
+		
+		public Object getValue(String key) {
+			return session.getValue(key);
+		}
+		
+		public String[] getValueNames() {
+			return session.getValueNames();
+		}
+		
+		public void invalidate() {
+			session.invalidate();
+		}
+		
+		public boolean isNew() {
+			return session.isNew();
+		}
+		
+		public void putValue(String key, Object value) {
+			session.putValue(key, value);
+		}
+		
+		public void removeAttribute(String key) {
+			session.removeAttribute(key);
+		}
+		
+		public void removeValue(String key) {
+			session.removeValue(key);
+		}
+		
+		public void setAttribute(String key, Object value) {
+			session.setAttribute(key, value);
+		}
+		
+		public void setMaxInactiveInterval(int maxInactiveInterval) {
+			session.setMaxInactiveInterval(maxInactiveInterval);
+		}
+		
+		public String toString() {
+			return session != null ? session.toString() : "null";
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -163,4 +179,3 @@ class InnerSession extends HashMap<Object, Object> implements HttpSession {
 
 
 
-

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/ext/spring/JFinalViewResolver.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2017, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ package com.jfinal.template.ext.spring;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
+import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;
 import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractTemplateViewResolver;
 import com.jfinal.kit.StrKit;
 import com.jfinal.template.Directive;
@@ -54,6 +56,15 @@ public class JFinalViewResolver extends AbstractTemplateViewResolver {
 	static boolean sessionInView = false;
 	static boolean createSession = true;
 	
+	private static JFinalViewResolver me = null;
+	
+	/**
+	 * me 会保存在第一次被创建对象
+	 */
+	public static JFinalViewResolver me() {
+		return me;
+	}
+	
 	public Engine getEngine() {
 		return engine;
 	}
@@ -83,6 +94,24 @@ public class JFinalViewResolver extends AbstractTemplateViewResolver {
 		}
 	}
 	
+	/**
+	 * 通过 List 配置多个 shared function file
+	 * <pre>
+	 * 配置示例：
+	 * 	<property name="sharedFunctionList">
+	 *     	<list>
+	 *     		<value>_layout.html</value>
+	 *     		<value>_paginate.html</value>
+	 *     	</list>
+	 * 	</property>
+	 * </pre>
+	 */
+	public void setSharedFunctionList(List<String> sharedFunctionList) {
+		if (sharedFunctionList != null) {
+			JFinalViewResolver.sharedFunctionFiles.addAll(sharedFunctionList);
+		}
+	}
+	
 	/**
 	 * 添加 shared function 文件，可调用多次添加多个文件
 	 */
@@ -94,8 +123,16 @@ public class JFinalViewResolver extends AbstractTemplateViewResolver {
 	/**
 	 * 添加自定义指令
 	 */
+	public void addDirective(String directiveName, Class<? extends Directive> directiveClass) {
+		engine.addDirective(directiveName, directiveClass);
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 添加自定义指令，已被 addDirective(String, Class<? extends Directive>) 方法取代
+	 */
+	@Deprecated
 	public void addDirective(String directiveName, Directive directive) {
-		engine.addDirective(directiveName, directive);
+		addDirective(directiveName, directive.getClass());
 	}
 	
 	/**
@@ -157,6 +194,14 @@ public class JFinalViewResolver extends AbstractTemplateViewResolver {
 		engine.setSourceFactory(sourceFactory);
 	}
 	
+	/**
+	 * 设置为 ClassPathSourceFactory 的快捷方法
+	 * ClassPathSourceFactory 将从 CLASSPATH 与 jar 包中读取模板
+	 */
+	public void setToClassPathSourceFactory() {
+		engine.setToClassPathSourceFactory();
+	}
+	
 	/**
 	 * 设置模板基础路径
 	 */
@@ -196,6 +241,12 @@ public class JFinalViewResolver extends AbstractTemplateViewResolver {
 	// ---------------------------------------------------------------
 	
 	public JFinalViewResolver() {
+		synchronized(JFinalViewResolver.class) {
+			if (me == null) {
+				me = this;
+			}
+		}
+		
 		setViewClass(requiredViewClass());
 		setOrder(0);
 		setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
@@ -208,12 +259,30 @@ public class JFinalViewResolver extends AbstractTemplateViewResolver {
 		return JFinalView.class;
 	}
 	
+	/**
+	 * 支持 jfinal enjoy、jsp、freemarker、velocity 四类模板共存于一个项目中
+	 * 
+	 * 注意：这里采用识别 ".jsp"、".ftl"、".vm" 模板后缀名的方式来实现功能
+	 *     所以 jfinal enjoy 模板不要采用上述三种后缀名，否则功能将失效
+	 *     还要注意与 jsp、freemarker、velocity 以外类型模板共存使用时
+	 *     需要改造该方法
+	 */
+	protected View loadView(String viewName, Locale locale) throws Exception {
+		String suffix = getSuffix();
+		if (".jsp".equals(suffix) || ".ftl".equals(suffix) || ".vm".equals(suffix)) {
+			return null;
+		} else {
+			return super.loadView(viewName, locale);
+		}
+	}
+	
 	/**
 	 * spring 回调，利用 ServletContext 做必要的初始化工作
 	 */
 	@Override
 	protected void initServletContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
 		super.initServletContext(servletContext);
+		super.setExposeRequestAttributes(true);
 		
 		initBaseTemplatePath(servletContext);
 		initSharedFunction();

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/ByteWriter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+
+/**
+ * ByteWriter
+ */
+public class ByteWriter extends Writer {
+	
+	OutputStream out;
+	Encoder encoder;
+	
+	char[] chars;
+	byte[] bytes;
+	
+	public ByteWriter(Encoder encoder, int bufferSize) {
+		this.encoder = encoder;
+		this.chars = new char[bufferSize];
+		this.bytes = new byte[bufferSize * ((int)encoder.maxBytesPerChar())];
+	}
+	
+	public ByteWriter init(OutputStream outputStream) {
+		this.out = outputStream;
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	public void flush() throws IOException {
+		out.flush();
+	}
+	
+	public void close() {
+		out = null;
+	}
+	
+	public void write(String str, int offset, int len) throws IOException {
+		int size, byteLen;
+		while (len > 0) {
+			size = (len > chars.length ? chars.length : len);
+			
+			str.getChars(offset, offset + size, chars, 0);
+			byteLen = encoder.encode(chars, 0, size, bytes);
+			out.write(bytes, 0, byteLen);
+			
+			offset += size;
+			len -= size;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public void write(String str) throws IOException {
+		write(str, 0, str.length());
+	}
+	
+	public void write(StringBuilder stringBuilder, int offset, int len) throws IOException {
+		int size, byteLen;
+		while (len > 0) {
+			size = (len > chars.length ? chars.length : len);
+			
+			stringBuilder.getChars(offset, offset + size, chars, 0);
+			byteLen = encoder.encode(chars, 0, size, bytes);
+			out.write(bytes, 0, byteLen);
+			
+			offset += size;
+			len -= size;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public void write(StringBuilder stringBuilder) throws IOException {
+		write(stringBuilder, 0, stringBuilder.length());
+	}
+	
+	public void write(IWritable writable) throws IOException {
+		byte[] data = writable.getBytes();
+		out.write(data, 0, data.length);
+	}
+	
+	public void write(int intValue) throws IOException {
+		IntegerWriter.write(this, intValue);
+	}
+	
+	public void write(long longValue) throws IOException {
+		LongWriter.write(this, longValue);
+	}
+	
+	public void write(double doubleValue) throws IOException {
+		FloatingWriter.write(this, doubleValue);
+	}
+	
+	public void write(float floatValue) throws IOException {
+		FloatingWriter.write(this, floatValue);
+	}
+	
+	private static final byte[] TRUE_BYTES = "true".getBytes();
+	private static final byte[] FALSE_BYTES = "false".getBytes();
+	
+	public void write(boolean booleanValue) throws IOException {
+		out.write(booleanValue ? TRUE_BYTES : FALSE_BYTES);
+	}
+}
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/CharWriter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+/**
+ * CharWriter
+ */
+public class CharWriter extends Writer {
+	
+	java.io.Writer out;
+	char[] chars;
+	
+	public CharWriter(int bufferSize) {
+		this.chars = new char[bufferSize];
+	}
+	
+	public CharWriter init(java.io.Writer writer) {
+		this.out = writer;
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	public void flush() throws IOException {
+		out.flush();
+	}
+	
+	public void close() {
+		out = null;
+	}
+	
+	public void write(String str, int offset, int len) throws IOException {
+		int size;
+		while (len > 0) {
+			size = (len > chars.length ? chars.length : len);
+			
+			str.getChars(offset, offset + size, chars, 0);
+			out.write(chars, 0, size);
+			
+			offset += size;
+			len -= size;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public void write(String str) throws IOException {
+		write(str, 0, str.length());
+	}
+	
+	public void write(StringBuilder stringBuilder, int offset, int len) throws IOException {
+		int size;
+		while (len > 0) {
+			size = (len > chars.length ? chars.length : len);
+			
+			stringBuilder.getChars(offset, offset + size, chars, 0);
+			out.write(chars, 0, size);
+			
+			offset += size;
+			len -= size;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public void write(StringBuilder stringBuilder) throws IOException {
+		write(stringBuilder, 0, stringBuilder.length());
+	}
+	
+	public void write(IWritable writable) throws IOException {
+		char[] data = writable.getChars();
+		out.write(data, 0, data.length);
+	}
+	
+	public void write(int intValue) throws IOException {
+		IntegerWriter.write(this, intValue);
+	}
+	
+	public void write(long longValue) throws IOException {
+		LongWriter.write(this, longValue);
+	}
+	
+	public void write(double doubleValue) throws IOException {
+		FloatingWriter.write(this, doubleValue);
+	}
+	
+	public void write(float floatValue) throws IOException {
+		FloatingWriter.write(this, floatValue);
+	}
+	
+	private static final char[] TRUE_CHARS = "true".toCharArray();
+	private static final char[] FALSE_CHARS = "false".toCharArray();
+	
+	public void write(boolean booleanValue) throws IOException {
+		out.write(booleanValue ? TRUE_CHARS : FALSE_CHARS);
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/DateFormats.java

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * DateFormats
+ */
+public class DateFormats {
+	
+	private Map<String, SimpleDateFormat> map = new HashMap<String, SimpleDateFormat>(16, 0.25F);
+	
+	public SimpleDateFormat getDateFormat(String datePattern) {
+		SimpleDateFormat ret = map.get(datePattern);
+		if (ret == null) {
+			ret = new SimpleDateFormat(datePattern);
+			map.put(datePattern, ret);
+		}
+		return ret;
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/Encoder.java

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+/**
+ * Encoder
+ */
+public abstract class Encoder {
+	
+	public abstract float maxBytesPerChar();
+	
+	public abstract int encode(char[] chars, int offset, int len, byte[] bytes);
+}
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/EncoderFactory.java

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+import com.jfinal.template.EngineConfig;
+
+/**
+ * EncoderFactory
+ */
+public class EncoderFactory {
+	
+	protected Charset charset = Charset.forName(EngineConfig.DEFAULT_ENCODING);
+	
+	void setEncoding(String encoding) {
+		charset = Charset.forName(encoding);
+	}
+	
+	public Encoder getEncoder() {
+		if (Charset.forName("UTF-8").equals(charset)) {
+			return Utf8Encoder.me;
+		} else {
+			return new JdkEncoder(charset);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/FastStringWriter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.Writer;
+
+/**
+ * FastStringWriter
+ * 
+ * <pre>
+ * 由 JDK 中 Writer 改造而来，在其基础之上做了如下改变：
+ * 1：添加 char[] value 直接保存 char 值
+ * 2：添加 int len 记录数据长度
+ * 3：去掉 synchronized 操作
+ * 4：添加 MAX_BUFFER_SIZE，限定 value 被重用的最大长度
+ * 5：去掉了 close() 方法声明中的 throws IOException，并添加缓存回收逻辑
+ * </pre>
+ */
+public class FastStringWriter extends Writer {
+	
+	private char[] value;
+	private int len;
+	
+	private static int MAX_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024 * 256;		// 1024 * 64;
+	
+	public static void setMaxBufferSize(int maxBufferSize) {
+		int min = 256;
+		if (maxBufferSize < min) {
+			throw new IllegalArgumentException("maxBufferSize must more than " + min);
+		}
+		MAX_BUFFER_SIZE = maxBufferSize;
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public void close() /* throws IOException */ {
+		len = 0;
+		
+		// 释放空间占用过大的缓存
+		if (value.length > MAX_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+			value = new char[Math.max(256, MAX_BUFFER_SIZE / 2)];
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public String toString() {
+		return new String(value, 0, len);
+	}
+	
+	public StringBuilder toStringBuilder() {
+		return new StringBuilder(len + 64).append(value, 0, len);
+	}
+	
+	public FastStringWriter(int capacity) {
+		value = new char[capacity];
+	}
+	
+	public FastStringWriter() {
+		this(128);
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * 扩容
+	 */
+	protected void expandCapacity(int newLen) {
+		int newCapacity = Math.max(newLen, value.length * 2);
+		char[] newValue = new char[newCapacity];
+		
+		// 复制 value 中的值到 newValue
+		if (len > 0) {
+			System.arraycopy(value, 0, newValue, 0, len);
+		}
+		value = newValue;
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public void write(char buffer[], int offset, int len) throws IOException {
+		int newLen = this.len + len;
+		if (newLen > value.length) {
+			expandCapacity(newLen);
+		}
+		
+		System.arraycopy(buffer, offset, value, this.len, len);
+		this.len = newLen;
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public void write(String str, int offset, int len) throws IOException {
+		int newLen = this.len + len;
+		if (newLen > value.length) {
+			expandCapacity(newLen);
+		}
+		
+		str.getChars(offset, (offset + len), value, this.len);
+		this.len = newLen;
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public void write(int c) throws IOException {
+		char[] buffer = {(char)c};
+		write(buffer, 0, 1);
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public void write(char buffer[]) throws IOException {
+		write(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public void write(String str) throws IOException {
+		write(str, 0, str.length());
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public Writer append(CharSequence csq) throws IOException {
+		if (csq instanceof String) {
+			String str = (String)csq;
+			write(str, 0, str.length());
+			return this;
+		}
+		
+		if (csq == null)
+			write("null");
+		else
+			write(csq.toString());
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public Writer append(CharSequence csq, int start, int end) throws IOException {
+		if (csq instanceof String) {
+			String str = (String)csq;
+			write(str, start, (end - start));
+			return this;
+		}
+		
+		CharSequence cs = (csq == null ? "null" : csq);
+		write(cs.subSequence(start, end).toString());
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public Writer append(char c) throws IOException {
+		char[] buffer = {c};
+		write(buffer, 0, 1);
+		return this;
+	}
+	
+	@Override
+	public void flush() throws IOException {
+		
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/FloatingWriter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+/**
+ * FloatingWriter
+ */
+public class FloatingWriter {
+	
+	public static void write(ByteWriter byteWriter, double doubleValue) throws IOException {
+		FloatingDecimal fd = new FloatingDecimal(doubleValue);
+		char[] chars = byteWriter.chars;
+		byte[] bytes = byteWriter.bytes;
+		int len = fd.getChars(chars);
+		for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
+			bytes[i] = (byte)chars[i];
+		}
+		byteWriter.out.write(bytes, 0, len);
+	}
+	
+	public static void write(ByteWriter byteWriter, float floatValue) throws IOException {
+		FloatingDecimal fd = new FloatingDecimal(floatValue);
+		char[] chars = byteWriter.chars;
+		byte[] bytes = byteWriter.bytes;
+		int len = fd.getChars(chars);
+		for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
+			bytes[i] = (byte)chars[i];
+		}
+		byteWriter.out.write(bytes, 0, len);
+	}
+	
+	public static void write(CharWriter charWriter, double doubleValue) throws IOException {
+		FloatingDecimal fd = new FloatingDecimal(doubleValue);
+		char[] chars = charWriter.chars;
+		int len = fd.getChars(chars);
+		charWriter.out.write(chars, 0, len);
+	}
+	
+	public static void write(CharWriter charWriter, float floatValue) throws IOException {
+		FloatingDecimal fd = new FloatingDecimal(floatValue);
+		char[] chars = charWriter.chars;
+		int len = fd.getChars(chars);
+		charWriter.out.write(chars, 0, len);
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/IWritable.java

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+/**
+ * IWritable 支持 OutputStream、Writer 双模式动态切换输出
+ * 
+ * 详见 com.jfinal.template.stat.ast.Text 中的用法
+ */
+public interface IWritable {
+	
+	/**
+	 * 供 OutputStream 模式下的 ByteWrite 使用
+	 */
+	public byte[] getBytes();
+	
+	/**
+	 * 供 Writer 模式下的 CharWrite 使用
+	 */
+	public char[] getChars();
+}
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/IntegerWriter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+public class IntegerWriter {
+	
+    final static int [] sizeTable = { 9, 99, 999, 9999, 99999, 999999, 9999999,
+            99999999, 999999999, Integer.MAX_VALUE };
+    
+    final static char [] DigitOnes = {
+            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
+            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
+            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
+            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
+            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
+            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
+            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
+            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
+            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
+            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
+            } ;
+    
+    final static char [] DigitTens = {
+            '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0',
+            '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1',
+            '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2',
+            '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3',
+            '4', '4', '4', '4', '4', '4', '4', '4', '4', '4',
+            '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5',
+            '6', '6', '6', '6', '6', '6', '6', '6', '6', '6',
+            '7', '7', '7', '7', '7', '7', '7', '7', '7', '7',
+            '8', '8', '8', '8', '8', '8', '8', '8', '8', '8',
+            '9', '9', '9', '9', '9', '9', '9', '9', '9', '9',
+            } ;
+    
+    final static char[] digits = {
+            '0' , '1' , '2' , '3' , '4' , '5' ,
+            '6' , '7' , '8' , '9' , 'a' , 'b' ,
+            'c' , 'd' , 'e' , 'f' , 'g' , 'h' ,
+            'i' , 'j' , 'k' , 'l' , 'm' , 'n' ,
+            'o' , 'p' , 'q' , 'r' , 's' , 't' ,
+            'u' , 'v' , 'w' , 'x' , 'y' , 'z'
+        };
+    
+    private static final byte[] minValueBytes = "-2147483648".getBytes();
+    private static final char[] minValueChars = "-2147483648".toCharArray();
+    
+	public static void write(ByteWriter byteWriter, int i) throws IOException {
+        if (i == Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
+        	byteWriter.out.write(minValueBytes, 0, minValueBytes.length);
+        	return ;
+        }
+        
+        int size = (i < 0) ? stringSize(-i) + 1 : stringSize(i);
+        char[] chars = byteWriter.chars;
+        byte[] bytes = byteWriter.bytes;
+        getChars(i, size, chars);
+        
+        // int len = Utf8Encoder.me.encode(chars, 0, size, bytes);
+        // byteWriter.out.write(bytes, 0, len);
+        
+        for (int j=0; j<size; j++) {
+        	bytes[j] = (byte)chars[j];
+        }
+        byteWriter.out.write(bytes, 0, size);
+    }
+	
+	public static void write(CharWriter charWriter, int i) throws IOException {
+        if (i == Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
+        	charWriter.out.write(minValueChars, 0, minValueChars.length);
+        	return ;
+        }
+        
+        int size = (i < 0) ? stringSize(-i) + 1 : stringSize(i);
+        char[] chars = charWriter.chars;
+        getChars(i, size, chars);
+        charWriter.out.write(chars, 0, size);
+    }
+	
+    static int stringSize(int x) {
+        for (int i=0; ; i++)
+            if (x <= sizeTable[i])
+                return i+1;
+    }
+    
+    static void getChars(int i, int index, char[] buf) {
+        int q, r;
+        int charPos = index;
+        char sign = 0;
+
+        if (i < 0) {
+            sign = '-';
+            i = -i;
+        }
+
+        // Generate two digits per iteration
+        while (i >= 65536) {
+            q = i / 100;
+        // really: r = i - (q * 100);
+            r = i - ((q << 6) + (q << 5) + (q << 2));
+            i = q;
+            buf [--charPos] = DigitOnes[r];
+            buf [--charPos] = DigitTens[r];
+        }
+
+        // Fall thru to fast mode for smaller numbers
+        // assert(i <= 65536, i);
+        for (;;) {
+            q = (i * 52429) >>> (16+3);
+            r = i - ((q << 3) + (q << 1));  // r = i-(q*10) ...
+            buf [--charPos] = digits [r];
+            i = q;
+            if (i == 0) break;
+        }
+        if (sign != 0) {
+            buf [--charPos] = sign;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/JdkEncoder.java

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.CharBuffer;
+import java.nio.charset.CharacterCodingException;
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+import java.nio.charset.CharsetEncoder;
+import java.nio.charset.CoderResult;
+
+/**
+ * JdkEncoder
+ */
+public class JdkEncoder extends Encoder {
+	
+	private CharsetEncoder ce;
+	
+	public JdkEncoder(Charset charset) {
+		this.ce = charset.newEncoder();
+	}
+	
+	public float maxBytesPerChar() {
+		return ce.maxBytesPerChar();
+	}
+	
+	public int encode(char[] chars, int offset, int len, byte[] bytes) {
+		ce.reset();
+        ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
+        CharBuffer cb = CharBuffer.wrap(chars, offset, len);
+        try {
+            CoderResult cr = ce.encode(cb, bb, true);
+            if (!cr.isUnderflow())
+                cr.throwException();
+            cr = ce.flush(bb);
+            if (!cr.isUnderflow())
+                cr.throwException();
+            return bb.position();
+        } catch (CharacterCodingException x) {
+            // Substitution is always enabled,
+            // so this shouldn't happen
+        	throw new RuntimeException("Encode error: " + x.getMessage(), x);
+        }
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/JdkEncoderFactory.java

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+/**
+ * JdkEncoderFactory
+ * 
+ * 支持 utf8mb4，支持 emoji 表情字符，支持各种罕见字符编码
+ * 
+ * <pre>
+ * 配置方法：
+ * engine.setToJdkEncoderFactory();
+ * </pre>
+ */
+public class JdkEncoderFactory extends EncoderFactory {
+	
+	@Override
+	public Encoder getEncoder() {
+		return new JdkEncoder(charset);
+	}
+}
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/LongWriter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1996, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+public class LongWriter {
+	
+    private static final byte[] minValueBytes = "-9223372036854775808".getBytes();
+    private static final char[] minValueChars = "-9223372036854775808".toCharArray();
+    
+	public static void write(ByteWriter byteWriter, long value) throws IOException {
+		if (value == Long.MIN_VALUE) {
+			byteWriter.out.write(minValueBytes, 0, minValueBytes.length);
+            return ;
+		}
+		
+        int size = (value < 0) ? stringSize(-value) + 1 : stringSize(value);
+        char[] chars = byteWriter.chars;
+        byte[] bytes = byteWriter.bytes;
+        getChars(value, size, chars);
+        
+        // int len = Utf8Encoder.me.encode(chars, 0, size, bytes);
+        // byteWriter.out.write(bytes, 0, len);
+        
+        for (int j=0; j<size; j++) {
+        	bytes[j] = (byte)chars[j];
+        }
+        byteWriter.out.write(bytes, 0, size);
+    }
+	
+	public static void write(CharWriter charWriter, long i) throws IOException {
+		if (i == Long.MIN_VALUE) {
+            charWriter.out.write(minValueChars, 0, minValueChars.length);
+			return ;
+		}
+		
+        int size = (i < 0) ? stringSize(-i) + 1 : stringSize(i);
+        char[] chars = charWriter.chars;
+        getChars(i, size, chars);
+        charWriter.out.write(chars, 0, size);
+    }
+	
+	static int stringSize(long x) {
+        long p = 10;
+        for (int i=1; i<19; i++) {
+            if (x < p)
+                return i;
+            p = 10*p;
+        }
+        return 19;
+    }
+	
+	static void getChars(long i, int index, char[] buf) {
+        long q;
+        int r;
+        int charPos = index;
+        char sign = 0;
+
+        if (i < 0) {
+            sign = '-';
+            i = -i;
+        }
+
+        // Get 2 digits/iteration using longs until quotient fits into an int
+        while (i > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
+            q = i / 100;
+            // really: r = i - (q * 100);
+            r = (int)(i - ((q << 6) + (q << 5) + (q << 2)));
+            i = q;
+            buf[--charPos] = IntegerWriter.DigitOnes[r];
+            buf[--charPos] = IntegerWriter.DigitTens[r];
+        }
+
+        // Get 2 digits/iteration using ints
+        int q2;
+        int i2 = (int)i;
+        while (i2 >= 65536) {
+            q2 = i2 / 100;
+            // really: r = i2 - (q * 100);
+            r = i2 - ((q2 << 6) + (q2 << 5) + (q2 << 2));
+            i2 = q2;
+            buf[--charPos] = IntegerWriter.DigitOnes[r];
+            buf[--charPos] = IntegerWriter.DigitTens[r];
+        }
+
+        // Fall thru to fast mode for smaller numbers
+        // assert(i2 <= 65536, i2);
+        for (;;) {
+            q2 = (i2 * 52429) >>> (16+3);
+            r = i2 - ((q2 << 3) + (q2 << 1));  // r = i2-(q2*10) ...
+            buf[--charPos] = IntegerWriter.digits[r];
+            i2 = q2;
+            if (i2 == 0) break;
+        }
+        if (sign != 0) {
+            buf[--charPos] = sign;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/Utf8Encoder.java

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+// import java.nio.charset.MalformedInputException;
+
+/**
+ * Utf8Encoder
+ * 
+ * http://grepcode.com/file/repository.grepcode.com/java/root/jdk/openjdk/8u40-b25/sun/nio/cs/UTF_8.java?av=f
+ * http://grepcode.com/search?query=ArrayEncoder&start=0&entity=type&n=
+ */
+public class Utf8Encoder extends Encoder {
+	
+	public static final Utf8Encoder me = new Utf8Encoder();
+	
+	public float maxBytesPerChar() {
+		return 3.0F;
+	}
+	
+	public int encode(char[] chars, int offset, int len, byte[] bytes) {
+        int sl = offset + len;
+        int dp = 0;
+        int dlASCII = dp + Math.min(len, bytes.length);
+
+        // ASCII only optimized loop
+        while (dp < dlASCII && chars[offset] < '\u0080') {
+            bytes[dp++] = (byte) chars[offset++];
+        }
+
+        while (offset < sl) {
+            char c = chars[offset++];
+            if (c < 0x80) {
+                // Have at most seven bits
+                bytes[dp++] = (byte) c;
+            } else if (c < 0x800) {
+                // 2 bytes, 11 bits
+                bytes[dp++] = (byte) (0xc0 | (c >> 6));
+                bytes[dp++] = (byte) (0x80 | (c & 0x3f));
+            } else if (c >= '\uD800' && c < ('\uDFFF' + 1)) { //Character.isSurrogate(c) but 1.7
+                final int uc;
+                int ip = offset - 1;
+                if (Character.isHighSurrogate(c)) {
+                    if (sl - ip < 2) {
+                        uc = -1;
+                    } else {
+                        char d = chars[ip + 1];
+                        if (Character.isLowSurrogate(d)) {
+                            uc = Character.toCodePoint(c, d);
+                        } else {
+                            // throw new RuntimeException("encode UTF8 error", new MalformedInputException(1));
+                            bytes[dp++] = (byte) '?';
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if (Character.isLowSurrogate(c)) {
+                        // throw new RuntimeException("encode UTF8 error", new MalformedInputException(1));
+                        bytes[dp++] = (byte) '?';
+                        continue;
+                    } else {
+                        uc = c;
+                    }
+                }
+                
+                if (uc < 0) {
+                    bytes[dp++] = (byte) '?';
+                } else {
+                    bytes[dp++] = (byte) (0xf0 | ((uc >> 18)));
+                    bytes[dp++] = (byte) (0x80 | ((uc >> 12) & 0x3f));
+                    bytes[dp++] = (byte) (0x80 | ((uc >> 6) & 0x3f));
+                    bytes[dp++] = (byte) (0x80 | (uc & 0x3f));
+                    offset++; // 2 chars
+                }
+            } else {
+                // 3 bytes, 16 bits
+                bytes[dp++] = (byte) (0xe0 | ((c >> 12)));
+                bytes[dp++] = (byte) (0x80 | ((c >> 6) & 0x3f));
+                bytes[dp++] = (byte) (0x80 | (c & 0x3f));
+            }
+        }
+        return dp;
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/Writer.java

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Date;
+
+/**
+ * Writer
+ */
+public abstract class Writer {
+	
+	protected DateFormats formats = new DateFormats();
+	
+	public abstract void flush() throws IOException;
+	
+	public abstract void close();
+	
+	public abstract void write(IWritable writable) throws IOException;
+	
+	public abstract void write(String string, int offset, int length) throws IOException;
+	
+	public abstract void write(String string) throws IOException;
+	
+	public abstract void write(StringBuilder stringBuilder, int offset, int length) throws IOException;
+	
+	public abstract void write(StringBuilder stringBuilder) throws IOException;
+	
+	public abstract void write(boolean booleanValue) throws IOException;
+	
+	public abstract void write(int intValue) throws IOException;
+	
+	public abstract void write(long longValue) throws IOException;
+	
+	public abstract void write(double doubleValue) throws IOException;
+	
+	public abstract void write(float floatValue) throws IOException;
+	
+	public void write(short shortValue) throws IOException {
+		write((int)shortValue);
+	}
+	
+	public void write(Date date, String datePattern) throws IOException {
+		String str = formats.getDateFormat(datePattern).format(date);
+		write(str, 0, str.length());
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

src/main/java/com/jfinal/template/io/WriterBuffer.java

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2019, James Zhan 詹波 (jfinal@126.com).
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.jfinal.template.io;
+
+/**
+ * WriterBuffer
+ */
+public class WriterBuffer {
+	
+	private static final int MIN_BUFFER_SIZE = 64;					// 缓冲区最小 64 字节
+	private static final int MAX_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 10;		// 缓冲区最大 10M 字节
+	
+	private int bufferSize = 2048;									// 缓冲区大小
+	
+	private EncoderFactory encoderFactory = new EncoderFactory();
+	
+	private final ThreadLocal<ByteWriter> byteWriters = new ThreadLocal<ByteWriter>() {
+		protected ByteWriter initialValue() {
+			return new ByteWriter(encoderFactory.getEncoder(), bufferSize);
+		}
+	};
+	
+	private final ThreadLocal<CharWriter> charWriters = new ThreadLocal<CharWriter>() {
+		protected CharWriter initialValue() {
+			return new CharWriter(bufferSize);
+		}
+	};
+	
+	private final ThreadLocal<FastStringWriter> fastStringWriters = new ThreadLocal<FastStringWriter>() {
+		protected FastStringWriter initialValue() {
+			return new FastStringWriter();
+		}
+	};
+	
+	public ByteWriter getByteWriter(java.io.OutputStream outputStream) {
+		return byteWriters.get().init(outputStream);
+	}
+	
+	public CharWriter getCharWriter(java.io.Writer writer) {
+		return charWriters.get().init(writer);
+	}
+	
+	public FastStringWriter getFastStringWriter() {
+		return fastStringWriters.get();
+	}
+	
+	public void setBufferSize(int bufferSize) {
+		if (bufferSize < MIN_BUFFER_SIZE || bufferSize > MAX_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+			throw new IllegalArgumentException("bufferSize must between " + (MIN_BUFFER_SIZE-1) + " and " + (MAX_BUFFER_SIZE+1));
+		}
+		this.bufferSize = bufferSize;
+	}
+	
+	public void setEncoderFactory(EncoderFactory encoderFactory) {
+		if (encoderFactory == null) {
+			throw new IllegalArgumentException("encoderFactory can not be null");
+		}
+		this.encoderFactory = encoderFactory;
+	}
+	
+	public void setEncoding(String encoding) {
+		encoderFactory.setEncoding(encoding);
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+